Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/123)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

their hands, as in His saying, exalted is He: “Your Lord has provided beneath you a stream” (Maryam 24). This does not mean that it was beneath her while she was sitting upon it; rather, it means before her.

It was also said that “rivers will flow beneath them” means: at their command, in the Gardens of Bliss.

“Their prayer therein will be, ‘Glory be to You, O Allah!’ Their greeting therein will be, ‘Peace!’ And the conclusion of their prayer will be, ‘All praise is for Allah, Lord of all worlds!’ (10) If Allah were to hasten for people the evil as they hasten the good, their term would certainly be decreed. But We leave those who do not look forward to meeting Us to wander blindly in their transgression. (11)”

“Their prayer” means their speech and words. It was also said that it means their supplication. “Therein: ‘Glory be to You, O Allah!’” This is a declaration of Allah’s transcendence, affirming that He is free from every imperfection. We have related: “The people of Paradise will be inspired to praise Allah and glorify Him just as they are inspired to breathe.” (1)

The scholars of Quranic exegesis said: This phrase is a sign between the people of Paradise and their attendants concerning food. Whenever they desire food, they say, “Glory be to You, O Allah!” and at once what they desire is brought to them upon dining tables, each table extending a mile by a mile. Upon every table are seventy thousand platters, and on every platter is a type of food unlike any other. When they have finished eating, they praise Allah. This is the meaning of His saying, exalted is He, 168/b: “And the conclusion of their prayer will be, ‘All praise is for Allah, Lord of all worlds!’” (2)

His saying, exalted is He, “Their greeting therein will be, ‘Peace!’” means that they will greet one another with peace. It was also said that it refers to the angels’ greeting them with peace.

And it was said: The angels will come to them from their Lord with peace.

“And the conclusion of their prayer will be, ‘All praise is for Allah, Lord of all worlds!’” That is, they begin their speech with glorification and conclude it with praise.

His saying, exalted is He, “If Allah were to hasten for people the evil as they hasten the good”: Ibn Abbas said: This concerns a man who, in anger, says to his family and children, “May Allah curse you, and may He not bless you.” Qatadah said: It is a man’s supplication against himself, his family, and his wealth with that which he would dislike to be answered. Its meaning is: If Allah were to hasten for people the answer to their supplication for evil and what they dislike, just as they hasten

(1) Jabir reported: I heard the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, say: “The people of Paradise will eat and drink therein, but they will neither spit, urinate, defecate, nor blow their noses.” They asked, “What will become of the food?” He replied, “It will be expelled as belching and perspiration, the latter like the fragrance of musk. They will be inspired to make tasbih (glorification of Allah) and tahmid (praise of Allah) just as they are inspired to breathe.” Narrated by Muslim, The Book of Paradise and the Description of Its Delights, chapter: “The Characteristics of Paradise and Its Inhabitants,” no. 3835, 4:2180-2181. (2) Al-Suyuti cited several reports concerning this. Al-Durr al-Manthur, 4:345-346.

أَيْدِيهِمْ، كَقَوْلِهِ ﷿: " قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِيًّا " (مَرْيَمَ -٢٤) لَمْ يُرِدْ بِهِ أَنَّهُ تَحْتَهَا وَهِيَ قَاعِدَةٌ عَلَيْهِ، بَلْ أَرَادَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا. وَقِيلَ: تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ أَيْ: بِأَمْرِهِمْ، ﴿فِي جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ﴾ . ﴿دَعْوَاهُمْ فِيهَا سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَامٌ وَآخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (١٠) وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ اسْتِعْجَالَهُمْ بِالْخَيْرِ لَقُضِيَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَجَلُهُمْ فَنَذَرُ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ (١١) ﴾ . ﴿دَعْوَاهُمْ﴾ أَيْ: قَوْلُهُمْ وَكَلَامُهُمْ. وَقِيلَ: دُعَاؤُهُمْ. ﴿فِيهَا سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ﴾ وَهِيَ كَلِمَةُ تَنْزِيهٍ، تُنَزِّهُ اللَّهَ مِنْ كُلِّ سُوءٍ. وَرَوَيْنَا: "أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ يُلْهَمُونَ الْحَمْدَ وَالتَّسْبِيحَ، كَمَا يُلْهَمُونَ النَّفَسَ" (١) . قَالَ أَهْلُ التَّفْسِيرِ: هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةُ عَلَامَةٌ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَالْخَدَمِ فِي الطَّعَامِ، فَإِذَا أَرَادُوا الطَّعَامَ قَالُوا: سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ، فَأَتَوْهُمْ فِي الْوَقْتِ بِمَا يَشْتَهُونَ عَلَى الْمَوَائِدِ، كُلُّ مَائِدَةٍ مِيلٌ فِي مِيلٍ، عَلَى كُلِّ مَائِدَةٍ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ صَحْفَةٍ، وَفِي كُلِّ صَحْفَةٍ لَوْنٌ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ لَا يُشْبِهُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا، فَإِذَا فَرَغُوا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ حَمِدُوا اللَّهَ، فَذَلِكَ، قوله تعالى: ١٦٨/ب ﴿وَآخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ (٢) قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَامٌ﴾ أَيْ: يُحَيِّي بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا بِالسَّلَامِ. وَقِيلَ: تَحِيَّةُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ لَهُمْ بِالسَّلَامِ. وَقِيلَ: تَأْتِيهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِمْ بِالسَّلَامِ. ﴿وَآخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ يُرِيدُ: يَفْتَتِحُونَ كَلَامَهُمْ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ، وَيَخْتِمُونَهُ بِالتَّحْمِيدِ. قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ اسْتِعْجَالَهُمْ بِالْخَيْرِ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هَذَا فِي قَوْلِ الرَّجُلِ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ لِأَهْلِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ: لَعَنَكُمُ اللَّهُ، وَلَا بَارَكَ فِيكُمْ. قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: هُوَ دُعَاءُ الرَّجُلِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَأَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ بِمَا يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُسْتَجَابَ. مَعْنَاهُ: لَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ إِجَابَةَ دُعَائِهِمْ فِي الشَّرِّ وَالْمَكْرُوهِ اسْتِعْجَالَهُمْ

(١) عن جابر قال: سمعت النبي ﷺ يقول: "إن أهل الجنة يأكلون فيا ويشربون، ولا يتفلون ولا يبولون ولا يتغوَّطون ولا يمتخطون" قالوا: فما بال الطعام؟ قال: جشاء ورشح كرشح المسك. يلهمون التسبيح والتحميد كما يلهمون النفس". رواه مسلم، في الجنة وصفة نعيمها، باب في صفات الجنة وأهلها.. (٣٨٣٥) : ٤ / ٢١٨٠-٢١٨١. (٢) ساق السيوطي عدة روايات في ذلك. الدر المنثور: ٤ / ٣٤٥-٣٤٦.