Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

as a reward for his good news. By Allah, I possessed no other garments that day, so I borrowed two garments, put them on, and set out for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. People came out to meet me in groups, congratulating me upon the acceptance of my repentance and saying, “May Allah’s acceptance of your repentance bring you joy.”

Kaʿb said: When I entered the mosque, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was sitting with people gathered around him. Talhah ibn ʿUbaydillah rose and hurried toward me, shook my hand, and congratulated me. By Allah, no other man from among the Emigrants rose to greet me, and I have never forgotten Talhah’s kindness.

Kaʿb said: When I greeted the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he said to me, his face shining with joy, “Receive glad tidings of the best day that has come upon you since your mother bore you!”

I said, “Is this from you, O Messenger of Allah, or from Allah?”

He said, “No, rather it is from Allah.” Whenever the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was pleased, his face would radiate until it seemed like a piece of the moon; and we recognized that from him. When I sat before him, I said, “[O Messenger of Allah,] (1) as part of my repentance, I wish to give away all my wealth as charity for the sake of Allah and His Messenger.”

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Keep some of your wealth; that will be better for you.”

I said, “Then I shall keep my share in Khaybar.”

Then I said, “O Messenger of Allah, Allah saved me only through truthfulness. As part of my repentance, I pledge never to speak anything but the truth for as long as I live. By Allah, I do not know of any Muslim whom Allah has granted a better trial in truthful speech than He has granted me since I told the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, this. From the day I said that to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, until this day of mine, I have never deliberately uttered a lie; and I hope that Allah will preserve me for the rest of my life.”

Allah then revealed to His Messenger: “Allah has certainly turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Emigrants and the Helpers” up to His saying: “and be with the truthful.” (2)

Ishaq ibn Rashid also narrated from al-Zuhri through this chain of transmission, from Kaʿb, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade people from speaking to me and my two companions. I remained in that state until the matter became prolonged for me. Nothing concerned me more than the possibility that I might die and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would not perform the funeral prayer over me, or that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, might die and I would remain among the people in that position, so that none of them would speak to me or perform the funeral prayer over me.

Allah revealed the acceptance of our repentance to His Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, during the last third of the night, while the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was with Umm Salamah. Umm Salamah had always been kind regarding my case and supportive in my affair. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “O Umm Salamah, Kaʿb’s repentance has been accepted.”

She said, “Shall I not send someone to him to bring him the good news?”

He said, “Then people would crowd around you and keep you from sleeping for the rest of the night.” When he had performed the dawn prayer, he announced Allah’s acceptance of our repentance. (3)

(1) Omitted in manuscript A; the reading adopted is from manuscript B and Sahih al-Bukhari. (2) Reported by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Maghazi (The Book of Military Expeditions), chapter: “The Hadith of Kab ibn Malik,” 8:113-116; and by Muslim in Kitab al-Tawbah (The Book of Repentance), chapter: “The Hadith of the Repentance of Kab ibn Malik and His Two Companions,” no. 2769, 4:2120-2128. (3) Sirat Ibn Hisham, 2:534-535.
بِبُشْرَاهُ، وَوَاللهِ مَا أَمْلِكُ غَيْرَهُمَا يَوْمَئِذٍ، وَاسْتَعَرْتُ ثَوْبَيْنِ فَلَبِسْتُهُمَا وَانْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَتَلَقَّانِي النَّاسُ فَوْجًا فَوْجًا يُهَنِّئُونَنِي بِالتَّوْبَةِ وَيَقُولُونَ: لِيَهْنِكَ تَوْبَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ. قَالَ كَعْبٌ: حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَالِسٌ حَوْلَهُ النَّاسُ، فَقَامَ إِلَيَّ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ يُهَرْوِلُ حَتَّى صَافَحَنِي وَهَنَّأَنِي، وَاللَّهِ مَا قَامَ إِلَيَّ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ غَيْرُهُ، وَلَا أَنْسَاهَا لِطَلْحَةَ. قَالَ كَعْبٌ: فَلَمَّا سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَبْرُقُ وَجْهُهُ مِنَ السُّرُورِ: "أَبْشِرْ بِخَيْرِ يَوْمٍ مَرَّ عَلَيْكَ مُنْذُ وَلَدَتْكَ أُمُّكَ"! قَالَ قُلْتُ: أَمِنْ عِنْدَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: لَا بَلْ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا سُرَّ اسْتَنَارَ وَجْهُهُ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ قِطْعَةُ قَمَرٍ، وَكُنَّا نَعْرِفُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ، فَلَمَّا جَلَسْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ قُلْتُ: [يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ] (١) إِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَنْ أَنْخَلِعَ مِنْ مَالِي صَدَقَةً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ بَعْضَ مَالِكَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ، قُلْتُ: فَإِنِّي أُمْسِكُ سَهْمِي الَّذِي بِخَيْبَرَ. فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا نَجَّانِي اللَّهُ بِالصِّدْقِ، وَإِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَلَّا أُحَدِّثَ إِلَّا صِدْقًا مَا بَقِيتُ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَبْلَاهُ اللَّهُ فِي صِدْقِ الْحَدِيثِ مُنْذُ ذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحْسَنَ مِمَّا أَبَلَانِي، مَا تَعَمَّدْتُ مُنْذُ ذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى يَوْمِي هَذَا كَذِبًا، وَإِنِّي لِأَرْجُوَ أَنْ يَحْفَظَنِي اللَّهُ فِيمَا بَقِيتُ. وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ: ﴿لَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ﴾ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾ (٢) . وَرَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ كَعْبٍ، قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ كَلَامِي وَكَلَامِ صَاحِبَيَّ، فَلَبِثْتُ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى طَالَ عَلَيَّ الْأَمْرُ، وَمَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَهَمُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَمُوتَ وَلَا يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، أَوْ يَمُوتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَكُونَ مِنَ النَّاسِ بِتِلْكَ الْمَنْزِلَةِ، فَلَا يُكَلِّمُنِي أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ وَلَا يُصَلِّي عَلَيَّ! وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَوْبَتَنَا عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ ﷺ حِينَ بَقِيَ الثُّلُثُ الْأَخِيرُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ مُحْسِنَةً فِي شَأْنِي، مُعِينَةً فِي أَمْرِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تِيْبَ عَلَى كَعْبٍ" قَالَتْ: أَفَلَا أُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَأُبَشِّرُهُ؟ قَالَ: إذًا يُحَطِّمُكُمُ النَّاسُ، فَيَمْنَعُونَكُمُ النَّوْمَ سَائِرَ اللَّيْلَةِ، حَتَّى إِذَا صَلَّى ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ آذَنَ بِتَوْبَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا (٣) .
(١) ساقطة من "أ" والمثبت من "ب" وصحيح البخاري. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في المغازي، باب حديث كعب بن مالك ... : ٨ / ١١٣-١١٦، ومسلم في التوبة، باب حديث توبة كعب بن مالك وصاحبيه، برقم (٢٧٦٩) : ٤ / ٢١٢٠-٢١٢٨. (٣) سيرة ابن هشام: ٢ / ٥٣٤-٥٣٥.

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