Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/26)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and two thousand were from those who had been granted amnesty. Ata said: “They were sixteen thousand.”

Al-Kalbi said: “They were ten thousand, and they had never before been as numerous as they were that day. The polytheists numbered four thousand from Hawazin and Thaqif. Malik ibn Awf al-Nasri commanded Hawazin, while Kinanah ibn Abd Yalil al-Thaqafi commanded Thaqif. When the two armies met, a man from the Ansar named Salamah ibn Salamah ibn Waqsh said, ‘Today we shall not be defeated on account of small numbers.’ His words displeased the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and they were left to the consequence of that man’s remark.”

In another report: “Allah was not pleased with his statement, so He left them to themselves. They fought fiercely, and the polytheists fled, leaving behind their women and children. Then they cried out, ‘O defenders of the camp, remember disgrace!’ So they returned, and the Muslims’ ranks broke.”

Qatadah said: “We were told that those who had been granted amnesty swept the people along with them that day; and when the people stampeded, they fled.”

Ismail ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; [Abd al-Aziz informed us] (1): Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa al-Juludi informed us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan narrated to us; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj narrated to us; Yahya ibn Yahya informed us; Abu Khaythamah informed us from Abu Ishaq, who said: A man said to al-Bara ibn Azib, “O Abu Imarah, did you flee on the day of Hunayn?” He replied, “No, by Allah, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, did not turn his back. Rather, the young and lightly equipped among his Companions, who had no armor and little weaponry, went forth and encountered a people who were archers—Hawazin and Banu Nasr—whose arrows scarcely ever missed. They showered them with arrows that hardly missed their mark, so they came back toward the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, while he was upon his white mule, led by Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib. He dismounted, called for help, and said: ‘I am the Prophet—no lie! I am the son of Abd al-Muttalib!’ Then he arranged them in ranks.” (2)

Muhammad ibn Ismail also narrated it from Ubayd Allah ibn Musa, from Israil, from Abu Ishaq, adding: “No one among the people was seen that day to be more courageous than he.” (3)

Zakariyya also narrated it from Abu Ishaq, adding that al-Bara said: “Whenever the fighting grew fierce, we would take shelter behind him. Indeed, the bravest among us was the one who stood alongside him”—meaning the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. (4)

(1) Omitted from “B.” (2) Muslim, al-Jihad wa al-Siyar, chapter: “The Battle of Hunayn,” no. 1776, 3:1400. (3) al-Bukhari, al-Jihad, chapter: “Who says, ‘Take it, for I am the son of so-and-so,’” 6:164. (4) Muslim, in the previously cited place, 3:1401.

وَأَلْفَانِ مِنَ الطُّلَقَاءِ، قَالَ عَطَاءٌ كَانُوا سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا. وَقَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: كَانُوا عَشَرَةَ آلَافٍ، وَكَانُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ أَكْثَرَ مَا كَانُوا قَطُّ، وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ مِنْ هَوَازِنَ وَثَقِيفَ، وَعَلَى هَوَازِنَ مَالِكُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ النَّصْرِيُّ، وَعَلَى ثَقِيفَ كِنَانَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ ياليل الثَّقَفِيُّ، فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ بْنِ وَقَشٍ: لَنْ نَغْلِبَ الْيَوْمَ عَنْ قِلَّةٍ، فَسَاءَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَلَامُهُ، وَوُكِلُوا إِلَى كَلِمَةِ الرَّجُلِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَلَمْ يَرْضَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَهُ، وَوَكَلَهُمْ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، فَانْهَزَمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَخَلَّوْا عَنِ الذَّرَارِيِّ، ثُمَّ نَادَوْا: يَا حُمَاةَ السَّوَادِ اذْكُرُوا الْفَضَائِحَ، فَتَرَاجَعُوا وَانْكَشَفَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ. قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: وَذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّ الطُّلَقَاءَ انْجَفَلُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ بِالنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا انْجَفَلَ الْقَوْمُ هَرَبُوا. أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبَدِ الْقَاهِرِ، [أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ] (١) أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْجُلُودِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ: يَا أَبَا عِمَارَةَ فَرَرْتُمْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا وَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَلَكِنَّهُ خَرَجَ شُبَّانُ أَصْحَابِهِ وَأَخِفَّاؤُهُمْ وَهُمْ حُسَّرٌ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ سِلَاحٌ، أَوْ كَثِيرُ سِلَاحٍ، فَلَقُوا قَوْمًا رُمَاةً لَا يَكَادُ يَسْقُطُ لَهُمْ سَهْمٌ، جَمْعَ هَوَازِنَ وَبَنِي نَصْرٍ، فَرَشَقُوهُمْ رَشْقًا مَا يَكَادُونَ يُخْطِئُونَ، فَأَقْبَلُوا هُنَاكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الْبَيْضَاءِ، وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَقُودُ بِهِ، فَنَزَلَ وَاسْتَنْصَرَ وَقَالَ: أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لَا كَذِبَ، أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، ثُمَّ صَفَّهُمْ (٢) . وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ. وَزَادَ قَالَ: فَمَا رُئِيَ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُ (٣) . وَرَوَاهُ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ. وَزَادَ قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ: كُنَّا إِذَا احْمَرَّ الْبَأْسُ نَتَّقِي بِهِ، وَإِنَّ الشُّجَاعَ مِنَّا لَلَّذِي يُحَاذِي بِهِ يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ (٤) .

(١) ساقط من "ب". (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الجهاد والسير، باب غزوة حنين، برقم (١٧٧٦) : ٣ / ١٤٠٠. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في الجهاد، باب من قال: خذها وأنا ابن فلان.. ٦ / ١٦٤. (٤) أخرجه مسلم في الموضع السابق: ٣ / ١٤٠١.