Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (3/372)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Salihi informed us; Abu al-Husayn ‘Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Bishran informed us; Isma‘il ibn Muhammad al-Saffar informed us; Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Ramadi narrated to us; ‘Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us; Ma‘mar informed us from Yahya ibn Kathir, from Zayd ibn Sallam, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Zayd ibn al-Azraq, from ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir al-Juhani, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Through a single arrow, Allah admits three people into Paradise: the one who makes it, the one who provides it to the archer, and the one who shoots it in the way of Allah.” (1)

It was also narrated from Khalid ibn Zayd, from ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Through a single arrow, Allah admits three people into Paradise: its maker, who seeks Allah’s reward in making it; the one who shoots it; and the one who supplies the archer with arrows. Shoot and ride, but shooting ⦗150/b⦘ is dearer to me than riding. Every pastime in which a man engages is futile, except shooting with his bow, training his horse, and playing with his wife, for these are legitimate pursuits. Whoever abandons archery after having learned it, out of disinterest in it, has abandoned a blessing—or, he said, has been ungrateful for it.” (2)

Regarding His saying, exalted is He, “and tethered warhorses”: it means tethering them and keeping them for military expeditions. ‘Ikrimah said: “Force means fortresses, and tethered warhorses means mares.” It is narrated of Khalid ibn al-Walid that in battle he would ride only mares, because they neigh less. Abu Muhayriz said: “The Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, preferred stallions in battle formations and mares for night assaults and raids.”

‘Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Abu Nu‘aym narrated to us; Zakariyya narrated to us from ‘Amir; ‘Urwah al-Bariqi narrated that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Goodness is tied to the forelocks of horses until the Day of Resurrection: reward and spoils of war.” (3)

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; ‘Ali ibn Hafs narrated to us; Ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us; Talhah ibn Abi Sa‘id narrated to us, saying: I heard Sa‘id al-Maqburi relate that he heard Abu Hurayrah say: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Whoever keeps a horse in the way of Allah, out of faith and belief in His promise, then its eating its fill, its drinking, its dung, and its urine will be placed in his scale on the Day of Resurrection.” (4)

(1) Reported by Abd al-Razzaq in al-Musannaf, no. 19522; and by Ahmad in al-Musnad, 4:154. Abd Allah ibn Zayd al-Azraq was not declared trustworthy by anyone other than Ibn Hibban. Ibn Abi Hatim mentioned him without recording either criticism or accreditation. (2) Reported by Abu Dawud in al-Jihad, chapter on archery, 3:370; al-Tirmidhi in Fada'il al-Jihad, chapter on the reports concerning the virtue of archery, 5:265-266, who said: “This hadith is sound”—excluding the phrase, “and whoever abandons archery”; al-Nasa'i in al-Khayl, chapter on a man training his horse, 6:222-223; and Ibn Majah in al-Jihad, chapter on archery in the path of Allah, no. 2811, 2:940, with the wording of al-Tirmidhi. Al-Hakim authenticated it, 2:95, and al-Dhahabi concurred. Also reported by Ahmad, 4:144. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Jihad, chapter on jihad continuing alongside both the righteous and the wicked, 6:56; Muslim in al-Imarah, chapter on goodness being tied to the forelocks of horses until the Day of Resurrection, no. 1872, 3:1493; and the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 10:385. (4) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Jihad, chapter on one who keeps a horse, 6:57; and the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 10:388.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشْرَانَ، أَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّمَادِيُّ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْأَزْرَقِ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُدْخِلُ بِالسَّهْمِ الْوَاحِدِ الْجَنَّةَ ثَلَاثَةً: صَانِعَهُ، وَالْمُمِدَّ بِهِ، وَالرَّامِيَ بِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ" (١) . وَرُوِيَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُدْخِلُ بِالسَّهْمِ الْوَاحِدِ ثَلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ: صَانِعَهُ يَحْتَسِبُ فِي صَنْعَتِهِ الْخَيْرَ، وَالرَّامِيَ بِهِ وَمُنْبِلَهُ، وَارْمُوا وَارْكَبُوا، وَإِنْ ترموا أحب ١٥٠/ب إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَرْكَبُوا، كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَلْهُو بِهِ الرَّجُلُ بَاطِلٌ إِلَّا رَمْيَهُ بِقَوْسِهِ وَتَأْدِيبَهُ فَرَسَهُ وَمُلَاعَبَتَهُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَإِنَّهُنَّ مِنَ الْحَقِّ. وَمَنْ تَرَكَ الرَّمْيَ بَعْدَمَا عَلِمَهُ رَغْبَةً عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ نِعْمَةٌ تَرَكَهَا أَوْ قَالَ كَفَرَهَا" (٢) . قَوْلُهُ: ﴿وَمِنْ رِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ﴾ يَعْنِي: رَبْطُهَا وَاقْتِنَاؤُهَا لِلْغَزْوِ. وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: الْقُوَّةُ الْحُصُونُ وَمِنْ رِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ الْإِنَاثُ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرْكَبُ فِي الْقِتَالِ إِلَّا الْإِنَاثَ لِقِلَّةِ صَهِيلِهَا. وَعَنْ أَبِي مُحَيْرِيزٍ قَالَ: كَانَ الصَّحَابَةُ ﵃ يَسْتَحِبُّونَ ذُكُورَ الْخَيْلِ عِنْدَ الصُّفُوفِ وَإِنَاثَ الْخَيْلِ عِنْدَ الْبَيَاتِ وَالْغَارَاتِ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثَنَا زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ عَامِرٍ، ثَنَا عُرْوَةُ الْبَارِقِيُّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: "الْخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ فِي نَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، الْأَجْرُ وَالْمَغْنَمُ" (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَنْبَأَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، ثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، ثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدًا الْمَقْبُرِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: "مَنِ احْتَبَسَ فَرَسًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِيمَانًا وَتَصْدِيقًا بِوَعْدِهِ، فَإِنَّ شِبَعَهُ، وَرِيَّهُ، وَرَوْثَهُ، وَبَوْلَهُ فِي مِيزَانِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ" (٤) .

(١) أخرجه عبد الرزاق في المصنف برقم (١٩٥٢٢) ، وأحمد في المسند: ٤ / ١٥٤، وعبد الله بن زيد الأزرق لم يوثقه غير ابن حبان. وذكره ابن أبي حاتم ولم يذكر فيه جرحا ولا تعديلا. (٢) أخرجه أبو داود في الجهاد، باب في الرمي: ٣ / ٣٧٠، والترمذي في فضائل الجهاد، باب ما جاء في فضل الرمي: ٥ / ٢٦٥ - ٢٦٦، وقال: هذا حديث حسن. (دون قوله: ومن ترك الرمي) . والنسائي في الخيل، باب تأديب الرجل فرسه: ٦ / ٢٢٢ - ٢٢٣، وابن ماجه في الجهاد، باب الرمي في سبيل الله (٢٨١١) : ٢ / ٩٤٠ بلفظ الترمذي وصححه الحاكم: ٢ / ٩٥ ووافقه الذهبي. والإمام أحمد: ٤ / ١٤٤. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في الجهاد، باب الجهاد ماض مع البر والفاجر: ٦ / ٥٦، ومسلم في الإمارة، باب الخيل في نواصيها الخير إلى يوم القيامة: (١٨٧٢) : ٣ / ١٤٩٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٠ / ٣٨٥. (٤) أخرجه البخاري في الجهاد، باب من احتبس فرسا: ٦ / ٥٧، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٠ / ٣٨٨.