Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (1/112)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

speaks?” He said, “I believe it, as do Abū Bakr and ʿUmar, though neither of them was present.” (1)

It is authentically reported from Abū Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—was on Mount Ḥirāʾ with Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, ʿUthmān, ʿAlī, Ṭalḥah, and al-Zubayr. The rock shook, and the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said, “Be still—that is, be calm—for upon you are none but a Prophet, a man of consummate truthfulness, and martyrs.” (2) This is authentic; Muslim transmitted it.

Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣāliḥī informed us; Abū Saʿīd Yaḥyā ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī al-Ṣāniʿ informed us; Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Isḥāq ibn Hishām al-Rāzī informed us; Muḥammad ibn Ayyūb ibn Ḍurays al-Bajalī al-Rāzī informed us; Muḥammad ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ informed us, from al-Walīd ibn Abī Thawr, from al-Suddī, from ʿUbādah ibn Abī Yazīd, (3) from ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—in Mecca, and we went out to its outskirts, beyond Mecca, among the mountains and trees. He did not pass by any tree or mountain without its saying, ‘Peace be upon you, Messenger of Allah.’” (4)

Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Muḥammad al-Khaṭīb informed us; ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Aḥmad al-Khallāl informed us; Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Aṣamm informed us; al-Rabīʿ informed us; al-Shāfiʿī informed us; ʿAbd al-Majīd ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz informed us, from Ibn Jurayj, who said: Abū al-Zubayr informed me that he heard Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh—may Allah be pleased with him—say: “When the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—delivered a sermon, he would lean against the trunk of a palm tree among the columns of the mosque. When a pulpit was made for him and he took his place upon it, that column shook and moaned like a she-camel, until those in the mosque heard it. Then the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—came down and embraced it, whereupon it became still.” (5)

Mujāhid said: “No stone descends from above to below except out of fear of Allah.” What Allah Most High says bears witness to what we have stated: “Had We sent down this Quran upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and split asunder from fear of Allah. Such parables We set forth for people, so that they may reflect.” (al-Ḥashr 59:21)

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Book of the Prophets, 6:512, and also in the Books of Cultivation and Sharecropping and the Virtues of the Companions of the Prophet; and by Muslim in the Book of the Virtues of the Companions, chapter: “Among the virtues of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him,” no. 2388, 4:1857. The author also recorded it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:96-97. (2) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Book of the Virtues of the Companions of the Prophet, chapter: “The merits of Uthman ibn Affan,” 7:53; and by Muslim in the Book of the Virtues of the Companions, chapter: “Among the virtues of Talhah and al-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with them,” no. 2417, 4:1480. The author also recorded it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:127, with the wording: “The rock moved, whereupon the Prophet said: ‘Be still, for upon you are only ...’” (3) An addition found in manuscript B and the printed edition, omitted from manuscript A. (4) Reported by al-Tirmidhi in the Book of Merits, chapter: “Trees and stones greet the Prophet,” 10:99-100. He said: “Hasan gharib.” It was also reported by al-Darimi in the Introduction, 1:12, and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:287. He said: “This is a gharib hadith. Its chain includes Ismail ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Karima al-Suddi, who is weak, and Abbad ibn Abi Yazid, who is unknown.” See al-Taqrib and Mizan al-Itidal, 2:378. (5) Reported by al-Tirmidhi, 10:100-101, from Anas. He said: “This hadith of Anas is hasan sahih gharib through this route.” It was also reported by Ibn Majah in the Book of Establishing the Prayer, no. 1414; by Ahmad, 1:349 and elsewhere; and by al-Darimi in the Introduction, chapter: “How Allah honored the Prophet through the yearning of the pulpit,” 1:16. Al-Bukhari and al-Nasai also reported it with a similar meaning.

يَتَكَلَّمُ؟ فَقَالَ "أُومِنُ بِهِ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَمَا هُمَا ثَمَّ" (١) ، وَصَحَّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى حِرَاءٍ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَطَلْحَةُ وَالزُّبَيْرُ فَتَحَرَّكَتِ الصَّخْرَةُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ "اهْدَأْ أَيِ: اسْكُنْ. فَمَا عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ أَوْ صَدِّيقٌ أَوْ شَهِيدٌ" (٢) صَحِيحٌ أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ. أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الصَّانِعُ أَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الرَّازِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ ضُرَيْسٍ الْبَجَلِيُّ الرَّازِّيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَوْرٍ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ] (٣) عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ﵁ قَالَ: "كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ فَخَرَجْنَا فِي نَوَاحِيهَا خَارِجًا مِنْ مَكَّةَ بَيْنَ الْجِبَالِ وَالشَّجَرِ، فَلَمْ يَمُرَّ بِشَجَرَةٍ وَلَا جَبَلٍ إِلَّا قَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ" (٤) . أَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخَطِيبُ أَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْخَلَّالُ أَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أَنَا الرَّبِيعُ أَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ أَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ﵁ يَقُولُ: "كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا خَطَبَ اسْتَنَدَ إِلَى جِذْعِ نَخْلَةٍ مِنْ سَوَارِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَلَمَّا صُنِعَ لَهُ الْمِنْبَرُ فَاسْتَوَى عَلَيْهِ اضْطَرَبَتْ تِلْكَ السَّارِيَةُ وَحَنَتْ كَحَنِينِ النَّاقَةِ حَتَّى سَمِعَهَا أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ، حَتَّى نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاعْتَنَقَهَا فَسَكَنَتْ" (٥) . قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: لَا يَنْزِلُ حَجَرٌ مِنْ أَعْلَى إِلَى الْأَسْفَلِ إِلَّا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ، وَيَشْهَدُ لِمَا قُلْنَا قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى "لَوْ أَنْزَلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا مُتَصَدِّعًا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ" (٢١-الْحَشْرِ) .

(١) رواه البخاري في الأنبياء: ٦ / ٥١٢، وفي الحرث والمزارعة، وفي فضائل أصحاب النبي، ومسلم في فضائل الصحابة، باب من فضائل أبي بكر الصديق ﵁، برقم (٢٣٨٨) ٤ / ١٨٥٧. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٩٦-٩٧. (٢) رواه البخاري: في فضائل أصحاب النبي - باب: مناقب عثمان بن عفان: ٧ / ٥٣. ومسلم: في فضائل الصحابة - باب: من فضائل طلحة والزبير ﵄ برقم (٢٤١٧) ٤ / ١٤٨٠. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ١٢٧ بلفظ: فتحركت الصخرة فقال النبي ﷺ: اهدئي فما عليك إلا.......... (٣) زيادة من نسخة (ب) والمطبوع - ساقطة من (أ) . (٤) رواه الترمذي: في المناقب باب: الشجر والحجر يسلمان على النبي ١٠ / ٩٩-١٠٠ وقال: حسن غريب، والدارمي في المقدمة: ١ / ١٢. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ٢٨٧ وقال هذا حديث غريب وفي سنده إسماعيل بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي كريمة السدي وعباد بن أبي يزيد ضعيف ومجهول التقريب، ميزان الاعتدال ٢ / ٣٧٨. (٥) رواه الترمذي: ١٠ / ١٠٠-١٠١ عن أنس، وقال حديث أنس هذا حديث حسن صحيح غريب من هذا الوجه. وابن ماجه: في إقامة الصلاة برقم (١٤١٤) . وأحمد: ١ / ٣٤٩ ومواضع أخرى، والدارمي في المقدمة - باب: ما أكرم الله النبي ﷺ بحنين المنبر: ١ / ١٦ وعند البخاري والنسائي بمعناه.