Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (3/287)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

And decree for us what is good in this world and in the Hereafter. Indeed, we have turned to You in repentance.” He said, “I afflict whom I will among My creation with My punishment, but My mercy encompasses all things. I shall decree it for those who are mindful of Allah, give zakah, and believe in Our signs: (156) those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find described in the Torah and the Gospel that are with them. He enjoins upon them what is right, forbids them what is wrong, makes lawful for them wholesome things, forbids them impure things, and relieves them of their burdens and the shackles that were upon them. So those who believe in him, honour and support him, aid him, and follow the light sent down with him—it is they who will prosper. (157)

“And decree for us”: that is, make it obligatory for us. “What is good in this world”: blessing and well-being; “and in the Hereafter”: that is, what is good in the Hereafter—namely, forgiveness and Paradise. “Indeed, we have turned to You”: that is, we have repented to You.

Allah Most High said: “I afflict whom I will among My creation with My punishment, but My mercy encompasses all things”—that is, it extends to all things. Al-Hasan and Qatadah said: 138/b His mercy encompasses both the righteous and the wicked in this world, but on the Day of Resurrection it is exclusively for those who are mindful of Allah.

Atiyyah al-Awfi said: It encompasses all things, but it is assured only for those who are mindful of Allah. The disbeliever is granted provision, and harm is averted from him on account of the believers, because of the vastness of Allah’s mercy toward the believers; thus, he lives by it. But when he reaches the Hereafter, it is assured exclusively for the believers—like one who takes light from another’s fire when the owner of the lamp leaves with his lamp.

﴿وَاكْتُبْ لَنَا فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ إِنَّا هُدْنَا إِلَيْكَ قَالَ عَذَابِي أُصِيبُ بِهِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ وَرَحْمَتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَسَأَكْتُبُهَا لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ بِآيَاتِنَا يُؤْمِنُونَ (١٥٦) الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الرَّسُولَ النَّبِيَّ الْأُمِّيَّ الَّذِي يَجِدُونَهُ مَكْتُوبًا عِنْدَهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَائِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ إِصْرَهُمْ وَالْأَغْلَالَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِهِ وَعَزَّرُوهُ وَنَصَرُوهُ وَاتَّبَعُوا النُّورَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ مَعَهُ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ (١٥٧) ﴾ ﴿وَاكْتُبْ لَنَا﴾ أَوْجِبْ لَنَا ﴿فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً﴾ النِّعْمَةَ وَالْعَافِيَةَ، ﴿وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ﴾ أَيْ: وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ ﴿حَسَنَةً﴾ أَيِ الْمَغْفِرَةَ وَالْجَنَّةَ، ﴿إِنَّا هُدْنَا إِلَيْكَ﴾ أَيْ: تُبْنَا إِلَيْكَ، ﴿قَالَ﴾ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿عَذَابِي أُصِيبُ بِهِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ﴾ مِنْ خَلْقِي، ﴿وَرَحْمَتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ﴾ عَمَّتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ، قَالَ الحسن وقتادة: ١٣٨/ب وَسِعَتْ رَحْمَتُهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا الْبَرَّ وَالْفَاجِرَ، وَهِيَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ خَاصَّةً. وَقَالَ عَطِيَّةُ الْعَوْفِيُّ: وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَلَكِنْ لَا تَجِبُ إِلَّا لِلَّذِينِ يَتَّقُونَ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْكَافِرَ يُرْزَقُ، وَيُدْفَعُ عَنْهُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِسِعَةِ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَيَعِيشُ فِيهَا، فَإِذَا صَارَ إِلَى الْآخِرَةِ وَجَبَتْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَاصَّةً، كَالْمُسْتَضِيءِ بِنَارِ غَيْرِهِ إِذَا ذَهَبَ صَاحِبُ السِّرَاجِ بِسِرَاجِهِ.