16
that is, clear in his enmity. Muhammad ibn Qays said: His Lord called out to him: “O Adam, did you eat from it after I had forbidden you?” He replied, “My Lord, Eve fed me.” He said to Eve, “Why did you feed him?” She replied, “The serpent commanded me.” He said to the serpent, “Why did you command her?” It replied, “Iblis commanded me.” Thereupon Allah Most High said: “As for you, Eve: just as you caused the tree to bleed, you shall bleed every month. As for you, serpent: I shall cut off your limbs, so that you will crawl upon your belly and face; and whoever encounters you will crush your head. And as for you, Iblis: you are accursed and banished.” (1)
(1) It has previously been noted that the reports on this matter are weak and derived from Isra'iliyyat (reports taken from Jewish and Christian sources). This report of Muhammad ibn Qays was recorded by al-Tabari in his Tafsir, 1:530-531 and 12:354, and in his Tarikh, 1:109.
أَيْ: بَيِّنُ الْعَدَاوَةِ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ: نَادَاهُ رَبُّهُ يَا آدَمُ أَكَلْتَ مِنْهَا وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ؟ قَالَ: رَبِّ أَطْعَمَتْنِي حَوَّاءُ، قَالَ لِحَوَّاءَ: لِمَ أَطْعَمْتِيهِ؟ قَالَتْ: أَمَرَتْنِي الْحَيَّةُ، قَالَ لِلْحَيَّةِ: لِمَ أَمَرْتِيهَا؟ قَالَتْ: أَمَرَنِي إِبْلِيسُ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: أَمَّا أَنْتِ يَا حَوَّاءُ فَكَمَا أَدْمَيْتِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَدْمِينَ كُلَّ شَهْرٍ، وَأَمَّا أَنْتِ يَا حَيَّةُ فَأَقْطَعُ قَوَائِمَكِ فَتَمْشِينَ عَلَى بَطْنِكِ وَوَجْهِكِ، وَسَيَشْدَخُ رَأْسَكِ مَنْ لَقِيَكِ، وَأَمَّا أَنْتَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ فَمَلْعُونٌ مَدْحُورٌ (١) .
(١) تقدمت الإشارة إلى ضعف الروايات في ذلك، وأنها مستقاة من الإسرائيليات، وخبر محمد بن قيس هذا: أخرجه الطبري في التفسير: ١ / ٥٣٠-٥٣١، ١٢ / ٣٥٤، وفي التاريخ: ١ / ١٠٩.