Al-'Aql wa-FadluhIbn Abi al-Dunya

79 – Abu Bakr narrated to us; Ibrahim ibn ʿAbd Allah narrated to him; Sulayman ibn Harb narrated to him; Wahb ibn Jarir narrated to him; and al-Khalil ibn Ahmad said:

“People are of four sorts. Speak to three of them, and do not speak to one:

  1. A man who knows, and knows that he knows—speak to him.
  2. A man who does not know, and does not realize that he does not know—speak to him.
  3. A man who does not know, yet knows that he does not know—speak to him.
  4. And a man who does not know, yet thinks that he knows—do not speak to him.”
٧٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ: ثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، ثَنَا الْخَلِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، قَالَ: " النَّاسُ أَرْبَعَةٌ: فَكَلِّمْ ثَلَاثَةً وَوَاحِدًا لَا تُكَلِّمْهُ، قَالَ: رَجُلٌ يَعْلَمُ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ فَكَلِّمْهُ، وَرَجُلٌ لَا يَعْلَمُ وَلَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَكَلِّمْهُ، وَرَجُلٌ لَا يَعْلَمُ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَكَلِّمْهُ، وَرَجُلٌ لَا يَعْلَمُ وَهُوَ يَرَى أَنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ فَلَا تُكَلِّمْهُ "

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