Jimāʿ al-ʿIlm - Al-Shafi'i - (53)

Jimāʿ al-ʿIlmAl-Shafi'i

his prayer becomes invalid, and no expiation—of blood, charity, or anything else—will benefit him; nothing will do but to begin the prayer afresh. Alternatively, if he leaves out something that is commanded but not central to the substance of the prayer, he has merely missed out on a virtue: the prayer still counts for him and no expiation is required.

492 – The pilgrimage has yet another appointed point in time: the circumambulation of the House that comes after the sacrifice, through which women once again become lawful to him. After that there is a further endpoint, namely departing Mina, and then the Farewell Circumambulation. As for the departure from Mina, he may choose: if he wishes, he may hasten after two days, and if he wishes, he may delay.

Al-Rabiʿ ibn Sulaymān told us; al-Shāfiʿī said:

493 – Ibn ʿUyaynah narrated to us with a chain from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that he said, “Let no people hold anything against me, for I declare nothing lawful for them except what Allah has made lawful, and I forbid nothing for them except what Allah has forbidden.”

494 – Al-Shāfiʿī said: This report is mursal. We are well aware of the juristic method of Ṭāwūs. Yet even if it were soundly traced back to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, it would show—Allah willing—that the matter is exactly as I have described: he said, “Let no people hold anything against me.” He did not say, “Do not abstain because of me.” Rather, he actually commanded that they refrain when he forbade something, and Allah—exalted is He—commanded the same.

495 – Al-Shāfiʿī said: Ibn ʿUyaynah narrated to us from Abū al-Naḍr, from ʿUbaydallāh ibn Abī Rāfiʿ, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “I do not want to find one of you, when an instruction I have given or a prohibition I have laid down reaches him, reclining on his couch and saying, ‘We do not know; we will follow only what we find in the Book of Allah—exalted is He.’”

496 – We have been commanded to comply with what he ordered and to avoid what he forbade, and Allah has made that obligatory upon His creation in His Book. All that people hold in their hands of religion is simply what they have held fast to from Allah, then from the Messenger of Allah, and then from the indications that lead back to him.

497 – His statement—if he in fact uttered it—was: “Let no people hold anything against me.”

ولا تجزيه كفارة ولا غيرها إلا استئناف الصلاة أو يكون إذا ترك شيئا مأمورا به غير صلب الصلاة كان تاركا لفضل والصلاة مجزية عنه ولا كفارة عليه. ٤٩٢ - ثم للحج وقت آخر وهو الطواف بالبيت بعد النحر الذي يحل له به النساء ثم لهذا آخر وهو النفر من مني ثم الوداع وهو مخير في النفر إن أحب تعجل في يومين وإن أحب تأخر. أخبرنا الربيع بْن سليمان قال: قال الشافعي: ٤٩٣ - أخبرنا ابن عيينة بإسناد عن رسول الله ﷺ أنه قال: "لا يمسكن الناس علي بشيء فإني لا أحل لهم إلا ما أحل الله ولا أحرم عليهم إلا ما حرم الله". ٤٩٤ - قال الشافعي: هذا منقطع ونحن نعرف فقه طاوس ولو ثبت عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فبين فيه أنه على ما وصفت إن شاء الله تعالى قال: "لا يمسكن الناس علي بشيء". ولم يقل لا تمسكوا عني بل قد أمر أن يمسك عنه وأمر الله – Exalté soit-Il – بذلك. ٤٩٥ - قَالَ: الشَّافِعِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رسول الله ﷺ قال: "لا أَعْرِفَنَّ مَا جَاءَ أَحَدَكُمُ الأَمْرُ مِمَّا أَمَرْتُ بِهِ أَوْ نَهَيْتُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى أَرِيكَتِهِ فَيَقُولُ مَا نَدْرِي هَذَا مَا وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ – Exalté soit-Il – اتَّبَعْنَاهُ". ٤٩٦ - وقد أمرنا باتباع ما أمرنا به واجتناب ما نهى عنه وفرض الله ذلك في كتابه على خليقته وما في أيدي الناس من هذا إلا ما تمسكوا به عن الله (تعالى) ثم عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثم عن دلالته. ٤٩٧ - ولكن قوله إن كان قاله "لا يمسكن الناس علي بشيء".