Nuzhat al-Nazar fi Tawdih Nukhbat al-Fikar - Tahqiq al-QasimIbn Hajar Al-Asqalani

otherwise one suspends judgment (1) regarding it, and when acting upon it is suspended (2) it becomes, for all practical purposes, like the rejected report—not because the attribute of rejection has been established, but because it simply lacks (3) any attribute that would compel acceptance. And Allah knows best (4).

(It may also occur (5) among them)—that is, among the single-chain reports subdivided into mashhūr, ʿazīz (6), and gharīb—that one of them conveys inferential knowledge by virtue of corroborative indicators, according to the preferred opinion, in opposition to those who deny this (7).

In truth, the disagreement is purely verbal: those who allow the term “knowledge” restrict it by adding the qualifier “inferential,” meaning knowledge that results from reasoning (8); whereas those who refuse to use the term confine “knowledge” to mutawātir reports and regard everything else as probabilistic. Yet even they do not deny that a report bolstered (9) by corroborating factors is weightier than one that lacks them (10).

Types of reports supported by corroborative indicators:

Among them is whatever the Two Shaykhs included in their two Ṣaḥīḥ collections (11) of reports that have not

(1) MSS Z and Ṭ read “fal-yatawaqqaf” (let him withhold). (2) MS W reads “fa-idha” (then/when). (3) MSS Ṭ and K read “yujad” with an initial ya, while MS H has the form written with both ta and ya. (4) In the margin of MS A—penned by the author—appears: “thumma balagha kadhalik”; in the margin of MS J, likewise in his hand: “thumma balagha qiraʾata bahthin ʿalayya”; and in the margin of MS L: “balagha.” (5) MS Y reads “yujad,” whereas a copy annotated in its margin reads “yaqaʿ” (occurs). (6) The word “wa-ʿazizin” is omitted in MS A. (7) See: al-Burhan fi Usul al-Fiqh by al-Juwayni (1/228); al-Ihkam by al-Amidi (2/32); al-Bahr al-Muhit by al-Zarkashi (6/135); al-Tahbir Sharh al-Tahrir by al-Mardawi (4/1808). (8) MS K reads “istidlalin.” (9) MS J records “ihtuffa” with damma on the ta; the reading adopted here follows MSS H and K. (10) In the margin of MS W—again in the author’s hand—appears: “thumma balagha qiraʾata bahth ʿalayya.” (11) MS H reads “sahihihima.” (12) MS B reads “ma lam.”
وَإِلَّا فَيُتَوَقَّفُ (١) فِيهِ، وَإِذَا (٢) تُوُقِّفَ عَنِ العَمَلِ بِهِ صَارَ كَالمَرْدُودِ، لَا لِثُبُوتِ صِفَةِ الرَّدِّ؛ بَلْ لِكَوْنِهِ لَمْ تُوجَدْ (٣) فِيهِ صِفَةٌ تُوجِبُ القَبُولَ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ (٤). (وَقَدْ يَقَعُ (٥) فِيهَا) أَيْ: فِي أَخْبَارِ الآحَادِ المُنْقَسِمَةِ إِلَى مَشْهُورٍ وَعَزِيزٍ (٦) وَغَرِيبٍ (مَا يُفِيدُ العِلْمَ النَّظَرِيَّ بِالقَرَائِنِ؛ عَلَى المُخْتَارِ) خِلَافاً لِمَنْ أَبَى ذَلِكَ (٧). وَالخِلَافُ فِي التَّحْقِيقِ لَفْظِيٌّ؛ لِأَنَّ مَنْ جَوَّزَ إِطْلَاقَ العِلْمِ: قَيَّدَهُ بِكَوْنِهِ نَظَرِيّاً، وَهُوَ الحَاصِلُ عَنِ الِاسْتِدْلَالِ (٨)، وَمَنْ أَبَى الإِطْلَاقَ؛ خَصَّ لَفْظَ العِلْمِ بِالمُتَوَاتِرِ، وَمَا عَدَاهُ عِنْدَهُ ظَنِّيٌّ؛ لَكِنَّهُ لَا يَنْفِي أَنَّ مَا احْتَفَّ (٩) بِالقَرَائِنِ أَرْجَحُ مِمَّا خَلَا عَنْهَا (١٠). [أنواع الخبر المحتف بالقرائن] وَالخَبَرُ المُحْتَفُّ بِالقَرَائِنِ أَنْوَاعٌ: مِنْهَا: مَا أَخْرَجَهُ الشَّيْخَانِ فِي صَحِيحَيْهِمَا (١١) مِمَّا لَمْ (١٢)
(١) في ز، ط: «فليتوقف». (٢) في و: «فإذا». (٣) في ط، ك: «يُوجد» بالياء، وفي هـ: بالتاء والياء. (٤) في حاشية أ - بخطِّ المُصنِّف -: «ثم بلغ كذلك»، وفي حاشية ج - بخطِّه أيضاً -: «ثم بلغ قراءة بحثٍ عليَّ»، وفي حاشية ل: «بلغ». (٥) في ي: «يوجد»، وفي نسخة على حاشيتها: «يقع». (٦) «وَعَزِيزٍ» سقطت من أ. (٧) انظر: البرهان في أصول الفقه للجُوينيِّ (١/ ٢٢٨)، الإِحكَام للآمِديِّ (٢/ ٣٢)، البَحْر المُحِيط للزَّرْكشيِّ (٦/ ١٣٥)، التَّحبير شرح التَّحرير للمَرْدَاويِّ (٤/ ١٨٠٨). (٨) في ك: «استدلالٍ». (٩) في ج: «احتُفَّ» بضم التاء، والمثبت من هـ، ك. (١٠) في حاشية و - بخطِّ المُصنِّف -: «ثم بلغ قراءةَ بحث عليَّ». (١١) في ح: «صحيحهما». (١٢) في ب: «ما لَمْ».

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