a riding animal, an aircraft, a car, a ship, or any other means of transport. As for the obligatory prayer, one must dismount unless unable to do so, for ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported: “The Prophet ﷺ used to pray while travelling on his mount, facing whatever direction it was heading. He would indicate the movements of the night prayer by nodding his head, except for the obligatory prayers, and he would perform witr on his mount.”
Another wording says, “But he would not perform the prescribed prayer on it.” (1)
ʿĀmir ibn Rabiʿah (may Allah be pleased with him) likewise said, “I saw the Prophet ﷺ praying on his mount, facing whichever way it went.” One version adds, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would not do that for the obligatory prayers.” Yet another version states, “He saw the Prophet ﷺ offering his supererogatory night prayers while travelling on the back of his mount, facing whichever direction it turned.” (2)
Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would pray on his mount, facing whichever way it took him, and when…"