Al-Amr bi-l-Maʿrūf wa-n-Nahy ʿan al-Munkar - Ibn Taimiya - (23)

Al-Amr bi-l-Maʿrūf wa-n-Nahy ʿan al-MunkarIbn Taimiya

He also said:

“We shall surely make them taste the lesser punishment, short of the greater punishment, so that they might return.” ⦗Q 32:21⦘

And He said:

“So watch for the Day when the sky will bring a manifest smoke” ⦗Q 44:10⦘—up to His words—“On the Day We seize with the ultimate seizure, We will indeed exact retribution.” ⦗Q 44:16⦘

For this reason, in most of the chapters of warning Allah recounts both the punishment He inflicted upon the evildoers in this world and what He has prepared for them in the Hereafter. Yet sometimes a surah mentions only the Hereafter, for the punishment of the Hereafter is more severe, its reward more splendid, and it is the lasting abode. Whatever reward or punishment He cites from this world is mentioned merely incidentally, as in His words about Joseph:

“Thus We established Joseph in the land so that he could settle wherever he wished. We extend Our mercy to whom We will, and We do not allow the reward of those who excel to be lost. The reward of the Hereafter, however, is better for those who believe and keep from disobedience.” ⦗Q 12:56-57⦘

He likewise said:

“So Allah granted them the reward of this world and the excellent reward of the Hereafter.” ⦗Q 3:148⦘

And He said:

“Those who emigrated for the sake of Allah after they had been wronged—we shall surely settle them in the world in a good place, and the reward of the Hereafter is greater, if only they knew—those who are patient and who place their trust in their Lord.” ⦗Q 16:41-42⦘

He said about Abraham, peace be upon him:

“We granted him his reward in this world, and in the Hereafter he will surely be among the righteous.” ⦗Q 29:27⦘

As for His mention of punishment in both this world and the next, that appears in the surah:

“By those who yank out with violence, and by those who draw forth gently,” ⦗Q 79:1-2⦘

followed by His words:

“On the Day when the first blast quakes, to be followed by a second blast,” ⦗Q 79:6-7⦘.

الآية ١٠١) . وقال: {وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَدْنَى دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَكْبَرِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ} [السجدة: ٢١] (سورة السجدة: آية ٢١) . وقال: {فَارْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِي السَّمَاءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُبِينٍ} [الدخان: ١٠] (سورة الدخان: آية ١٠) . إلى قوله: {يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ الْبَطْشَةَ الْكُبْرَى إِنَّا مُنْتَقِمُونَ} [الدخان: ١٦] (سورة الدخان: آية ١٦) . ولهذا يذكر الله في عامة سور الإنذار ما عاقب به أهل السيئات في الدنيا وما أعده لهم في الآخرة، وقد يذكر في السورة وعد الآخرة فقط، إذ عذاب الآخرة أعظم، وثوابها أعظم، وهي دار القرار، وإنما يذكر ما يذكره من الثواب والعذاب في الدنيا تبعا، كقوله في قصة يوسف: {وَكَذَلِكَ مَكَّنَّا لِيُوسُفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَتَبَوَّأُ مِنْهَا حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ نُصِيبُ بِرَحْمَتِنَا مَنْ نَشَاءُ وَلَا نُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ - وَلَأَجْرُ الْآخِرَةِ خَيْرٌ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَكَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ} [يوسف: ٥٦ - ٥٧] (سورة يوسف: الآيتان ٥٦، ٥٧) . وقال: {فَآتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ ثَوَابَ الدُّنْيَا وَحُسْنَ ثَوَابِ الْآخِرَةِ} [آل عمران: ١٤٨] (سورة آل عمران: من الآية ١٤٨) . وقال: {وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا فِي اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُوا لَنُبَوِّئَنَّهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَلَأَجْرُ الْآخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ - الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ} [النحل: ٤١ - ٤٢] (سورة النحل: الآيتان ٤١، ٤٢) . وقال عن إبراهيم عليه الصلاة والسلام: {وَآتَيْنَاهُ أَجْرَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ} [العنكبوت: ٢٧] (سورة العنكبوت: من الآية ٢٧) . وأما ذكره لعقوبة الدنيا والآخرة ففي سورة: {وَالنَّازِعَاتِ غَرْقًا - وَالنَّاشِطَاتِ نَشْطًا} [النازعات: ١ - ٢] ثم قال: {يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الرَّاجِفَةُ - تَتْبَعُهَا الرَّادِفَةُ} [النازعات: ٦ - ٧] (سورة النازعات: الآيتان ٦، ٧) .