and Anas, together with the wording that appears between the two boxed sections of their report; the chains of transmission of the two ḥadiths are sound (ḥasan). We have already traced both of them when discussing the Prophet’s Mosque and the fact that it, too, was founded upon piety, as has been authentically reported from him ﷺ. There we also set out how to reconcile his ﷺ statement on that point with this noble verse, so there is no need to repeat the discussion here. Taken in conjunction with the ḥadith that immediately follows it, the verse constitutes an explicit proof that the mosque referred to is the Mosque of Qubaʾ; saying that it is the Mosque of Madinah is therefore mistaken.

Further evidence that the mosque founded upon piety is Qubaʾ is found in al-Bukhari (7/195) in the ḥadith of the Prophet’s ﷺ migration with his Companions to Madinah: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed among the Banu ʿAmr ibn ʿAwf for a number of nights in excess of ten, and he founded the mosque that had been established upon piety and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed in it.” Ibn Ḥajar commented:

“This means the Mosque of Qubaʾ. In the version of ʿAbd al-Razzaq from Maʿmar, from Ibn Shihab, from ʿUrwa it is stated: ‘The people among whom the mosque founded upon piety was built were the Banu ʿAmr ibn ʿAwf.’ The same appears in the report of Ibn ʿAbbas recorded by Ibn ʿĀʾidh, whose wording is: ‘He stayed among the Banu ʿAmr ibn ʿAwf for three nights and designated his place as a mosque where he would pray; then the Banu ʿAmr ibn ʿAwf built it, and it is the one founded upon piety.’ These reports make it clear that, in their understanding, this was the mosque founded upon piety.”

Ibn Ḥajar then said:

“Yunus ibn Bukayr related in the supplementary material to al-Maghāzī, from al-Maʿsūdī, from al-Ḥakam ibn ʿUtayba, who said: ‘When the Prophet ﷺ arrived and alighted at Qubaʾ, ʿAmmar ibn Yasir said: What is the matter with the Messenger of Allah…’”