ʿĀʾishah, “Why is it that a menstruating woman must make up the fast but is not required to make up the prayer?”

She replied, “That used to happen to us in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and we were commanded to make up the fast but not commanded to make up the prayer.” Reported by all of the major compilers.

Nor may she perform ṭawāf around the House. The Prophet ﷺ said, “The menstruating woman performs all the rites except circumambulation of the House.” Aḥmad relates this ḥadīth (6/137) from ʿĀʾishah and (1/364) from Ibn ʿAbbās, each report supporting the other—especially since the same meaning appears in the two Ṣaḥīḥs on ʿĀʾishah’s authority.

Menstruating women may attend the Eid prayer-ground, pronouncing the takbīr with the people while refraining from the actual prayer. Umm ʿAṭiyyah said, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us on the days of Fiṭr and Adḥā to bring out the adolescent girls, the menstruating women, and the women who stay indoors. The menstruating women keep away from the prayer but witness the goodness and the supplication of the Muslims.” I asked, “Messenger of Allah, one of us may not have a cloak.” He replied, “Let her sister lend her a cloak.” In another wording she said, “We were commanded to come out on the two ʿEids—the secluded maiden and the virgin; the menstruating women would come out and stand at the rear of the people, saying the takbīr along with them.” Muslim (3/20–21); see also al-Bukhārī in the Book of the Two ʿEids and elsewhere.

It is likewise permissible for her to enter the mosque. ʿĀʾishah said, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, ‘Hand me the small prayer-mat from the mosque.’ I said, ‘I am menstruating.’ He replied, ‘Your menstruation is not in your hand.’” Muslim 168; Abū Dāwūd 41; al-Nasāʾī 1/52–53, 68; and others.