provide for you, and the ultimate outcome belongs to the righteous” [Quran 20:132]. He, exalted is He, also says: “I created jinn and humankind only to worship Me. (56) I seek no provision from them, nor do I ask them to feed Me. (57) Indeed, Allah is the Provider, Lord of Power, the Ever Mighty” [Quran 51:56–58].
The obligatory purpose of positions of authority is to set right the people’s religion, for if they lose it, they will suffer manifest loss and nothing they enjoyed in this world will benefit them; and to set right those worldly affairs without which religion cannot be upheld. These are of two kinds: distributing wealth among those entitled to it and punishing transgressors (1).
For those who do not transgress, this puts their religious and worldly affairs in order. For this reason, Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: “I sent my officials to you only to teach you the Book of your Lord and the Sunnah of your Prophet, and to distribute your public revenues among you” (2).
When the subjects changed in one respect and their rulers in another, affairs became discordant (3). If the ruler strives to set right their religious and worldly affairs to the extent possible, he will rank among the best