The Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also establishes in several passages that public authority is a trust whose duties must be fulfilled. This is shown by what was cited above and by his words to Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) concerning leadership, which is a position of authority (1): “It is a trust, and on the Day of Resurrection it will bring disgrace and regret, except for one who assumes it rightfully and fulfills his duties regarding it.” This was narrated by Muslim (2).
Al-Bukhārī narrated in his Sahīh (3), on the authority of Abu Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When the trust is neglected, await the Hour.” He was asked, “O Messenger of Allah, how will it be neglected?” He replied, “When authority is entrusted to those unqualified for it, await the Hour” (4).
The Muslims have reached consensus on this meaning. The guardian of an orphan, the administrator of an endowment, and a person’s agent in managing his wealth must always act in whatever way best serves the beneficiary’s interests. Allah says: “Do not approach the orphan’s property except in the manner that is best” [al-Isrāʾ 17:34]. He did not say, “except (5) in a manner that is good.”