Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyyaIbn Taimiya

To proceed (1): This is a treatise containing essential principles of divinely ordained governance and Prophetic administration (2)(3), indispensable to both ruler and subjects (4). It was requested by one of those in authority whom Allah has made it obligatory to counsel sincerely (5). As the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—said in a report established from him through multiple routes: “Allah is pleased with three things for you: that you worship Him and associate nothing with Him; that you all hold fast to the rope of Allah and do not become divided; and that you sincerely counsel those whom Allah has placed in authority over you.” (6)

This (7) treatise is founded upon the verse concerning rulers (8) in the Book of Allah, namely His words, Exalted is He:

(1) Manuscripts *fā*, *zā*, *yā*, and *zāy* read: “Now, to proceed.” (2) The manuscripts other than the base manuscript read: “concise, containing therein.” (3) Manuscript *zā* reads “reports,” while *tā* reads “verses.” A marginal note in manuscript *zāy* states: “Perhaps it should read *al-wilāya* (‘governance’), as indicated by the end of the sentence.” The correct reading adopted here is from the remaining manuscripts. *Al-iyāla* means “administration.” See *Lisān al-Arab*, 11:36. The author states this explicitly in *Majmū al-Fatāwā*, 22:463, as does Ibn al-Qayyim in *Jalā al-Afhām*, p. 229 (Alam al-Fawāid edition). (4) The base manuscript and manuscript *yā* read: “nor.” (5) The title page of manuscript *lām* identifies the emir for whom the treatise was written. It reads: “The Book of Governance … He—may Allah have mercy on him—composed it when Emir Qays (thus in the manuscript; correctly, Āqush) al-Mansūrī asked him to do so, and he granted his request. He composed it in a single night—may Allah be pleased with him and cause him to be pleased.” See the Introduction for the correction of his name and biographical information about him. (6) Muslim (1715) narrated it from Abū Hurayra—may Allah be pleased with him. (7) Manuscript *zāy* reads *mabniyya* (“founded”). A marginal annotation states: “The word *mabniyya* is an adjective modifying *risāla* (‘treatise’). As for *al-risāla* (‘the treatise’), perhaps it was intended as *ay al-risāla* (‘that is, the treatise’). It had been in the margin and was then inserted into the main text.” (8) The reading adopted here is from manuscripts *yā* and *zāy*. It is supported by the author’s wording in a manuscript treatise: “the verse concerning those in authority.” The base manuscript reads: “that it is the command”; manuscript *tā* reads: “two verses from,” which al-Uthaymīn preferred in his *Commentary* (p. 17); and manuscript *zā* and some other copies read: “the Verse of Command.”
وبعد (١)؛ فهذه رسالة تتضمّن (٢) جوامعَ من السياسة الإلهية والإيالة (٣) النبوية، لا (٤) يستغني عنها الراعي والرعية، اقتضاها من أوجبَ الله نُصْحَه من ولاة الأمور (٥)، كما قال النبي ﷺ ــ فيما ثبت عنه من غير وجه ــ: «إن الله يرضى لكم ثلاثًا: أن تعبدوه ولا تشركوا به شيئًا، وأن تعتصموا بحبل الله جميعًا ولا تفرقوا، وأن تُناصحوا من ولَّاه الله أمركم» (٦). وهذه (٧) رسالةٌ مبنية على آية الأمراء (٨) في كتاب الله وهي قوله تعالى:
(١) (ف، ظ، ي، ز): «أما بعد». (٢) في غير الأصل: «مختصرة فيها». (٣) (ظ): «الآثار»، و (ط): «الآيات»، وعلق في هامش (ز): «لعلها الولاية كما يدل عليه آخر الكلام». والصواب المثبت من باقي النسخ، والإيالة هي: السياسة. انظر «اللسان»: (١١/ ٣٦)، وصرح بذلك المصنف في «مجموع الفتاوى»: (٢٢/ ٤٦٣)، وابن القيم في «جلاء الأفهام» (ص ٢٢٩ - عالم الفوائد). (٤) الأصل و (ي): «ولا». (٥) جاء على ورقة العنوان في نسخة (ل) بيان اسم الأمير المكتوبة له الرسالة وفيها: «كتاب السياسة ... علقها ﵀ حين سأله الأمير قيس (كذا وصوابه: آقُش) المنصوري فأجابه إلى ذلك. وعلَّقها في ليلة واحدة ﵁ وأرضاه». وراجع المقدمة في تصحيح اسمه والتعريف به. (٦) أخرجه مسلم (١٧١٥) من حديث أبي هريرة ﵁. (٧) (ز): «مَبْنية». وعلق في الهامش: «قوله مبنية صفة لـ (رسالة). وقوله: (الرسالة) لعله: أي الرسالة. وكان بالهامش فألحق بالصلب». (٨) المثبت من (ي، ز) ويؤيده قول المصنف في رسالة مخطوطة: «آية ولاة الأمور، والأصل: «أنه الأمر»، و (ط): «آيتين من» ورجحه العثيمين في «شرحه» (ص ١٧) و (ظ) وبعض النسخ: «آية الأمر».

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