Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyyaIbn Taimiya

are the worst of creation. Allah Most High says:

“Indeed, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land and divided its people into factions, oppressing one group among them, slaughtering their sons and sparing their women. He was indeed one of the corrupters.” [al-Qasas: 4]

Muslim narrated in his Sahīh (1) from Ibn Masūd—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said: “No one with an atom’s weight of arrogance in his heart will enter Paradise, and no one with an atom’s weight of faith in his heart will enter the Fire.” A man said, “O Messenger of Allah, I like my clothes and sandals to be fine. Is that a form of arrogance?” He replied, “No (2). Arrogance is rejecting the truth and looking down on people.”

Rejecting the truth means denying it (3), while looking down on people means despising and scorning them. Such is the state of those who seek superiority in the land and corruption.

The second category consists of those who seek corruption without superiority, such as thieves, criminals, and others from the lowest ranks of society.

The third category seeks superiority without corruption, such as religious people who seek, through their religion, to rise above others. This is most prevalent among those involved in some branch of knowledge or some form of scrupulous devotion (4).

As for the fourth category, they are the people of Paradise, who do not seek superiority in the land, nor

(1) Muslim narrated it (91), without the words, “nor will anyone enter the Fire …”; this wording occurs in *al-Musnad* and *al-Sunan*. (2) In manuscripts (Yā, Zāy), it is followed by: “Indeed, Allah is beautiful and loves beauty …” (3) Manuscripts (Fā, Yā, Zā, Bā, Lām) add: “and repelling it.” (4) The passage from “This is most prevalent …” to this point appears in the original manuscript.
شر الخلق، قال الله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ عَلَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَجَعَلَ أَهْلَهَا شِيَعًا يَسْتَضْعِفُ طَائِفَةً مِنْهُمْ يُذَبِّحُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَيَسْتَحْيِي نِسَاءَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ﴾ [القصص: ٤]. وروى مسلم في «صحيحه» (١) عن ابن مسعود ﵁ قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: «لا يدخلُ الجنةَ من كان في قلبه مثقال ذرَّة من كِبر، ولا يدخل النارَ من في قلبه ذرة من إيمان»، فقال رجل: يا رسول الله، إني أحبُّ أن يكون ثوبي حسنًا ونعلي حسنًا أفَمِن الكِبْر ذاك؟ قال: «لا (٢)، الكِبْر بَطَرُ الحق وغَمطُ الناس». فبَطَر الحق: جَحْده (٣)، وغَمط الناس: احتقارهم وازدراؤهم. فهذه حال من يريد العلو في الأرض والفساد. والقسم الثاني: الذين يريدون الفساد بلا علو، كالسُّرَّاق والمجرمين من سَفِلَة الناس ونحوهم. والثالث: يريدون العلوَّ بلا فساد، كالذين عندهم دين يريدون أن يعلوا به على غيرهم من الناس، وهو أكثر في المتعلقة بنوعٍ من العلم أو نوع من الورع (٤). وأما القسم الرابع: فهم أهل الجنة، الذين لا يريدون علوًّا في الأرض ولا
(١) أخرجه مسلم (٩١) دون قوله «ولا يدخل النار ... » وهي في «المسند» و «السنن». (٢) بعده في (ي، ز): «إن الله جميل يحب الجمال ... ». (٣) (ف، ي، ظ، ب، ل) زيادة: «ودفعه». (٤) من «وهو أكثر ... » إلى هنا من الأصل.

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