Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyyaIbn Taimiya

had acted deliberately, I would have amputated a hand from each of you” (1).

Likewise, according to the great majority of scholars, a male is put to death in retaliation for killing a female, just as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, put the Jewish man to death in retaliation for the woman (2).

The second category is accidental killing resembling (3) intentional killing. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Take heed: for an accidental killing resembling (4) an intentional one—one committed with a whip or a staff—the blood money is one hundred camels, including forty pregnant she-camels carrying their young in their wombs” (5). He therefore termed it quasi-intentional killing, because the offender intended to assault the victim through an injurious act (6), although such an act does not ordinarily prove fatal. Thus, he deliberately committed the assault but did not deliberately use a lethal means. According to the majority, this does not entail legal retaliation, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, indicated. Whether the blood money is payable by the killer himself or by his paternal kin responsible for blood money is disputed among jurists, both within Ahmad’s school and beyond it.

The third category (7) is purely accidental killing and cases treated in the same manner, such as when a person is

(1) Al-Bukhārī cited it in suspended form in the Book of Blood Money, chapter “If a group injures a man, are they punished ...?” Al-Bayhaqī narrated it with a connected chain (10/251). The original manuscript reads: “I would have amputated.” (2) Narrated by al-Bukhārī (6876) and Muslim (1672), from Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him. The passage from “Numerical equality is not required ...” through this point is found in the original manuscript. (3) The original manuscript gives the consonantal form *s-b-b-h*! (4) Manuscript Yā reads: “resembles”; manuscripts Zā, Bā, and Lām read: “similar to.” (5) Narrated by Ahmad (6533), Abū Dāwūd (4547), al-Nasā’ī (4791), Ibn Mājah (2627), Ibn Hibbān (6011), al-Bayhaqī (8/45), and others. The hadith was authenticated by Ibn Hibbān and Ibn al-Qattān. See *al-Talkhīs* (4/19). (6) Manuscripts Fā, Bā, Lām, and Tā read: “by striking.” (7) The passage from “This does not entail legal retaliation ...” through this point appears only in the original manuscript.
تعمدتم لقطعتكما (١). وكذلك يُقتل الذكر بالأنثى عند الجماهير، كما قَتَل النبي ﷺ الرجلَ اليهودي بالمرأة قصاصًا (٢). والنوع الثاني: الخطأ الذي يشبه (٣) العمد، قال ﵇: «ألا إن في قتل الخطأ شِبْه (٤) العمد ما كان بالسوط والعصا: مئة من الإبل، منها أربعون خَلِفَة في بطونها أولادُها» (٥). فسماه: شِبه العمد؛ لأنه قصد العدوان عليه بالجناية (٦) لكنها لا تقتل غالبًا، فقد تعمَّد العدوان ولم يتعمد ما يقتل. وهذا لا قَود فيه عند الجمهور كما ذكر ﷺ. وهل هي على القاتل أو على عاقلته؟ فيه نزاع بين الفقهاء في مذهب أحمد وغيره. والنوع (٧) الثالث: الخطأ المحض وما يجري مجراه، مثل أن يكون
(١) علقه البخاري في الديات، باب إذا أصاب قوم من رجل هل يعاقب ... ؟ ووصله البيهقي: (١٠/ ٢٥١). ووقع في الأصل: «لقطعت». (٢) أخرجه البخاري (٦٨٧٦)، ومسلم (١٦٧٢) من حديث أنس بن مالك ﵁. ومن قوله: «ولا تعتبر المكافأة ... » إلى هنا من الأصل. (٣) رسمها في الأصل: «سببه»! (٤) (ي): «يشبه»، (ظ، ب، ل): «شبيه». (٥) أخرجه أحمد (٦٥٣٣)، وأبو داود (٤٥٤٧)، والنسائي (٤٧٩١)، وابن ماجه (٢٦٢٧)، وابن حبان (٦٠١١)، والبيهقي: (٨/ ٤٥) وغيرهم. والحديث صححه ابن حبان وابن القطان، انظر «التخليص»: (٤/ ١٩). (٦) (ف، ب، ل، ط): «بالضرب». (٧) من قوله: «وهذا لا قود ... » إلى هنا من الأصل فقط.

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