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Everything in the category of delegated agencies and offices of authority that derive from stipulation rather than the Sharia—such as a testamentary appointment, the judiciary, military command, the governance of provinces, and the like—takes its general or restricted scope from the wording of the appointing authority and from customary usage (1). By contrast, when authority is established by the Sharia, as in a father’s guardianship (2) over his son, its general scope is derived from the Sharia itself (3).
(1) See *al-Turuq al-Hukmiyya*, 2:626.
(2) This is how the phrase reads in the original; perhaps some words are missing.
(3) The passage from the words on p. 188, “For this reason, a ruler ...,” to this point occurs only in the original.
وكل ما كان من باب الوكالات والولايات التي تُستفاد بالشرط لا بالشرع، كالوصية، والقضاء، وأمارة الحرب، وولاية الأمصار، ونحو ذلك، فإن عمومَها وخصوصَها يُستفادُ من المولى لفظًا وعرفًا (١) على ما يثبت بالشرع، كولاية (٢) الأب على ابنه، فإن عموم ذلك يستفاد بنفس الشرع (٣).
* * * *
(١) انظر «الطرق الحكمية»: (٢/ ٦٢٦).
(٢) كذا العبارة في الأصل، ولعل في الكلام سقطًا.
(٣) من قوله (ص ١٨٨): «لهذا ينبغي للوالي ... » إلى هنا من الأصل فقط.