Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyyaIbn Taimiya

The Book’s Arrangement and Themes

As for the book’s arrangement, the author organized it in a masterful manner that demonstrates, first, the depth of his thought and his complete grasp of the subject he addressed. Second, it demonstrates Shaykh al-Islām’s remarkable ability to express, organize, and classify ideas effectively (1). Our astonishment and admiration only increase when we learn that he composed this treatise in a single night, as stated on the cover of the Leiden manuscript. Yet this is not surprising for such an imam, for he likewise composed several other books either in a single night or in one sitting (2).

  • With extraordinary success, the author began his book with the foundation upon which he built this treatise. He then drew out its import, saying: “This treatise is founded upon the Verse of Command (3) in the Book of Allah, namely His words, Exalted is He:

‘Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to those entitled to them and, when you judge between people, to judge with justice. Excellent indeed is what Allah admonishes you to do. Surely Allah is All-Hearing, All-Seeing. (58) O you who believe, obey Allah, obey the Messenger, and those in authority among you. If you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you truly believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and best in outcome.’ [Women: 58–59]

He explained that the verse was revealed concerning those in authority and that it obligated them to discharge trusts

(1) As attested by several scholars, including Kamāl al-Dīn Ibn al-Zamalkānī. See *al-Jāmiʿ*, p. 252. (2) Such as *al-Wāsitiyya*, *al-Hamawiyya*, and *Risāla fī al-Hurūf* (A Treatise on Letters). See *al-Madākhil li-Āthār Shaykh al-Islām Ibn Taymiyya*, p. 70, 2nd ed., by our shaykh, the eminent scholar Bakr Abū Zayd—may Allah have mercy on him. (3) The manuscripts bearing the sigla *yā* and *zāy* read: “the Verse concerning rulers”; the base text reads: “that it is the command”; and the manuscript bearing the siglum *tā* reads: “two verses from,” which the eminent Shaykh Muhammad al-Uthaymīn preferred in his commentary (p. 17). The reading adopted here is from the manuscript bearing the siglum *zā* and several other copies.
ترتيب الكتاب وموضوعاته أما ترتيب الكتاب؛ فقد رتَّبه المصنف ترتيبًا بديعًا يدل أولًا على عمق الفكرة وتمام التصور للموضوع الذي تكلم فيه. ويدل ثانيًا على قدرة شيخ الإسلام العجيبة على حسن البيان والترتيب والتقسيم (١)، وسنزداد عجبًا وإعجابًا إذا علمنا أنه ألَّف هذه الرسالة في ليلة واحدة! كما جاء على غلاف نسخة ليدن. وإن كان هذا ليس بمستغرب على هذا الإمام، فإنه قد ألَّف عدة كتب كذلك إما في ليلة أو قعدة (٢). * بدأ المصنف كتابه ــ وكان موفَّقًا غاية التوفيق ــ بالأصل الذي بنى عليه هذه الرسالة ثم بانتزاع الدلالة منه قال: «وهذه رسالة مبنية على آية الأمر (٣) في كتاب الله وهي قوله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا الْأَمَانَاتِ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا وَإِذَا حَكَمْتُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَنْ تَحْكُمُوا بِالْعَدْلِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ نِعِمَّا يَعِظُكُمْ بِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا (٥٨) يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا﴾ [النساء: ٥٨ - ٥٩]. فبيَّن أن الآية نزلت في ولاة الأمور، وأنها أوجبت عليهم أداء الأمانات
(١) كما شهد له غير واحد، منهم كمال الدين ابن الزملكاني، انظر «الجامع» (ص ٢٥٢). (٢) كالواسطية والحموية ورسالة في الحروف، انظر «المداخل لآثار شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية» (ص ٧٠، ط الثانية) لشيخنا العلامة بكر أبو زيد ﵀. (٣) (ي، ز): «آية الأمراء»، والأصل: «أنه الأمر»، و (ط): «آيتين من» ورجحه الشيخ العلامة محمد العثيمين في «شرحه: ص ١٧» والمثبت من (ظ) وبعض النسخ.

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