intoxicant is forbidden.” Abū Dāwūd narrated it (1).

The hadiths on this subject are numerous and widely transmitted. Through the gift of concise yet comprehensive speech, the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—encompassed in his words everything that clouds the mind and intoxicates, without distinguishing one kind from another. Nor does it make any difference whether it is consumed as food or drink: wine may be used as a condiment (2), while hashish may be dissolved (3) in water and drunk. Thus, wine can be drunk or consumed with food, while hashish can be eaten or drunk (4), and all of this is forbidden. The earlier scholars did not discuss hashish specifically only because its consumption arose relatively recently, toward the end of the sixth century AH or thereabouts. Likewise, new intoxicating beverages appeared after the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and all of them are covered by the comprehensive wording of the Book and the Sunnah.

Section (5)

Among the prescribed punishments established by the Book and the Sunnah and unanimously affirmed by the Muslims is the punishment for sexual slander (6). If a man accuses a muhsan—a legally protected person—of illicit sexual intercourse or sodomy, he incurs the prescribed punishment of eighty lashes.

Here, muhsan means someone who is free and chaste; in the chapter on the prescribed punishment for illicit sexual intercourse, it means someone who has engaged in full sexual intercourse within a valid marriage.