Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyya - Ibn Taimiya - (الكتاب/132)

Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyyaIbn Taimiya

of the restitution due from him, as stated in the hadith (1).

Scholars have differed over doubling the restitution. Among those who upheld it were Ahmad and others. Rāfi ibn Khadīj said: I heard the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—say, “No amputation is imposed for fruit or kathar (palm pith)” (2). Kathar means jummār (3), the tender heart of the date palm. This was related by the compilers of the Sunan.

Amr ibn Shuayb related from his father, from his grandfather, who said: I heard a man from Muzaynah ask the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—saying, “O Messenger of Allah, I have come to ask you about a stray camel.” He replied, “It has its own feet and water supply: it eats from the trees and comes to the water. Leave it until its owner comes looking for it.” The man asked, “What about a stray sheep?” He replied, “It is for you, your brother, or the wolf. Take it in until its owner comes looking for it.” He asked, “What of livestock (4) taken from its grazing ground?” He replied, “The offender must pay twice its value and receive a deterrent beating. If it is taken from its enclosure, amputation is imposed when the value of what was taken reaches that of a shield.” The man asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what about fruit and what is taken from its sheaths?” He replied, “Whoever eats some with his mouth without gathering any into the fold of his garment (5) owes nothing, but whoever carries any away must pay its value

(1) As the author will mention shortly. (2) Recorded by Ahmad (15842), Abu Dāwūd (4388), al-Tirmidhī (1449), al-Nasā’ī (4960), Ibn Mājah (2593), Ibn Hibbān (4466), al-Bayhaqī (8/262), and others, from the hadith of Rāfi ibn Khadīj—may Allah be pleased with him. Scholars have differed over whether its chain is connected or *mursal*. Ibn Hibbān graded the hadith authentic, while al-Tahāwī stated: “Scholars have accepted the text of this hadith.” Ibn al-Mulaqqin also graded it authentic, and Ibn Abd al-Hādī said: “Its narrators are among those of the two Sahih collections.” See *al-Badr al-Munīr* (8/657–659). Al-Albānī also graded it authentic in *al-Irwā* (2414). (3) “It is the palm pith” does not appear in (F). (4) The original reads: “*al-arība*”! (Z) reads: “*fa-l-hurriyya*”! (5) The original reads: “*habba* (a seed)”! (Y, B) read: “*khabī’a* (something concealed).” A *khubna* is something a person carries against his chest or under his arm.

عليه الغُرم كما جاء به الحديث (١). وقد اختلف أهل العلم في التضعيف، وممن قال به: أحمد وغيره، قال رافع بن خديج: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: «لا قطع في ثَمَرٍ ولا كَثَر» (٢). والكَثَر: هو الجُمَّار (٣) جُمَّار النخل. رواه أهل السنن. وعن عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه عن جده قال: سمعت رجلًا من مُزَينة يسأل رسول الله ﷺ قال: يا رسول الله، جئت أسألك عن الضالة من الإبل؟ قال: «معها حِذاؤها وسِقاؤها تأكل الشجَر وتَرِد الماء، فدَعها حتى يأتيها باغيها». قال: الضالة من الغنم؟ قال: «لك أو لأخيك أو للذئب تجمعها حتى يأتيها باغيها». قال: الحريسة (٤) التي تؤخذ من مراتعها؟ قال: «فيها ثمنها مرتين وضَرْب نكال، وما أُخِذ من عَطَنه ففيه القطع إذا بلغ ما يؤخذ من ذلك ثمن المِجَنِّ». قال: يا رسول الله، فالثمار وما أُخِذَ منها من أكمامها؟ قال: «من أخذ بفمه ولم يتخذ خُبنَة (٥) فليس عليه شيء، ومن احتمل فعليه ثمنه

(١) كما سيذكره المصنف قريبًا. (٢) أخرجه أحمد (١٥٨٤٢)، وأبو داود (٤٣٨٨)، والترمذي (١٤٤٩)، والنسائي (٤٩٦٠)، وابن ماجه (٢٥٩٣)، وابن حبان (٤٤٦٦)، والبيهقي: (٨/ ٢٦٢) وغيرهم من حديث رافع بن خديج ﵁، وقد اختلف في وصله وإرساله، والحديث صححه ابن حبان، وقال الطحاوي: هذا الحديث تلقت العلماء متنه بالقبول. وصححه ابن الملقن، وقال ابن عبد الهادي: رجاله رجال الصحيحين. انظر «البدر المنير»: (٨/ ٦٥٧ - ٦٥٩)، وصححه الألباني في «الإرواء» (٢٤١٤). (٣) «هو الجمار» ليست في (ف). (٤) الأصل: «العريبة»! (ز): «فالحرية»! (٥) الأصل: «حبة»! (ي، ب): «خبيئة». والخُبْنَة: ما يحمله الإنسان في حضنه أو تحت إبطه.