As for the case in which the governing authority exacts from officials whatever he wishes to reserve for himself and his relatives (1), neither party should be assisted, for both are wrongdoers—like a thief stealing from another thief, or two factions fighting out of partisan zeal and a desire for leadership. No man may assist in wrongdoing (2), for cooperation is of two kinds (3):
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Cooperation in righteousness and piety, such as jihad, enforcing the prescribed penalties, securing people’s rights in full, and giving those entitled their due. This is among the things commanded by Allah and His Messenger. Whoever refrains from it for fear of becoming one of the helpers of oppressors has abandoned either an individual or a communal obligation, while imagining that he is exercising religious scrupulousness. How often cowardice and miserliness (4) are mistaken for scrupulousness, since each entails holding back and refraining.
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The second is cooperation in sin and transgression, such as helping to shed inviolable blood, wrongfully seizing property (5), beating someone who does not deserve to be beaten, and the like. This is what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden.
That said, if wealth has been taken unlawfully and cannot be returned to its owners—as is the case with much wealth held by governing authorities—[A/Q 20] then assisting in directing these