As for fayʾ (1), its basis is what Allah Most High mentioned in Surat al-Hashr, which He revealed concerning the campaign against Banū al-Nadīr after Badr:

“Whatever Allah restored to His Messenger from them, you did not spur on either horses or camels to obtain it. Rather, Allah gives His messengers authority over whomever He wills, and Allah has power over all things. (6) Whatever Allah restored to His Messenger from the people of the towns belongs to Allah, the Messenger, close relatives, orphans, the needy, and the wayfarer, so that it does not circulate solely among the rich among you. Whatever the Messenger gives you, take it, and whatever he forbids you, refrain from it. Fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in punishment. (7) It is for the poor Emigrants who were driven from their homes and deprived of their property, seeking bounty and approval from Allah and supporting Allah and His Messenger. It is they who are truthful. (8) Those who had settled in the Abode and embraced the faith before them love those who emigrated to them and feel no resentment in their hearts over what they were given. They give others preference over themselves, even though they too are in need. Those who are protected from the avarice of their own souls are the successful. (9) Those who came after them say, ‘Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith, and place no rancor in our hearts toward those who believe. Our Lord, You are truly Most Kind, Most Merciful.’” [al-Hashr: 6–10].

Allah Most High thus mentioned the Emigrants, the Helpers, and those who came after them in the manner He described. The third category therefore includes everyone who follows this path until the Day of Resurrection, just as they are included in His statement Most High: “And those who believed afterward and emigrated