Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

—ʿUqbah ibn Abī Thubayt al-Rāsabī narrated to us, from Abū al-Jawzāʾ, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Among the people of Paradise is the one whose two ears are filled—while he can still hear—with the people’s praise of goodness; and among the people of the Fire is the one whose two ears are filled—while he can still hear—with the people’s censure of evil.” A similar wording is recorded by Ibn Mājah through the transmission of Muslim ibn Ibrāhīm. (1)

Al-Qāḍī Abū ʿUbayd ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Harbawayh related: Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ narrated to us—Khalaf ibn Khalīfah narrated to us—from Abū Hāshim, from Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Shall I tell you which of your men are among the people of Paradise? The Prophet is in Paradise; the Siddīq is in Paradise; the martyr is in Paradise; and the man who visits his brother in a distant quarter of the land, visiting him only for Allah’s sake, is in Paradise. And among your women who are of the people of Paradise is the affectionate, child-bearing, ever-returning wife who, when her husband is angry—or when she herself becomes angry—comes and takes his hand and says, ‘I will not taste sleep until you are pleased.’” Al-Nasāʾī has transmitted part of this ḥadīth through Khalaf ibn Khalīfah, from Abū Hāshim—Yahyā ibn Dīnār—by the same chain. (2)

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This community will constitute the majority of the people of Paradise; they will hold the loftiest ranks, and the very first to enter will be its foremost generation. Allah, Most High, says about the nearest ones: “A multitude from the early generations (13) and but a few from later times (14)” (Surah al-Wāqiʿah 56:13-14). And regarding the people of the right, He says: “A multitude from the early generations (39) and a multitude from later times (40)” (56:39-40).

It is authentically established in the Two Ṣaḥīḥs that the Prophet ﷺ said: “The best of generations (3) is my generation, then those who follow them, then those who follow them. After that there will come people who love to be corpulent, who make vows but do not fulfil them, who give testimony unasked, and who betray trusts and are not to be trusted.” (4)

The elite of that first generation are the Companions. As Ibn Masʿūd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Whoever among you wishes to follow a path, let him follow the path of those who have already passed away, for the living are not safe from temptation. Those are the Companions of Muḥammad ﷺ: the purest hearts in this Ummah, the most truthful tongues, the deepest in knowledge, and the least pretentious. They are a people whom Allah chose for the companionship of His Messenger ﷺ and the establishment of His religion. So recognise their virtue and follow in their footsteps, for they were upon sound guidance.” (5)

(1) It is narrated by al-Tabarani in al-Kabir (no. 12787) and by Ibn Majah (no. 4224); it is a sahih (authentic) hadith. (2) It is reported by Tamam in Fawa'id (no. 747 in al-Rawd al-Bassam) and by al-Nasa'i in al-Kubra (no. 9139); it is sahih according to its chains and supporting narrations. (3) In the two Sahih collections (al-Bukhari and Muslim) it appears as khayr al-nas (the best of people). (4) It is narrated by al-Bukhari (no. 2651) and Muslim (no. 2535) from the hadith of Imran ibn Husayn. (5) It is narrated by Ibn Abd al-Barr in Jami' Bayan al-Ilm wa Fadlihi (no. 1810), its chain being stopped at Ibn Mas'ud.
[حدّثنا عُقْبةُ بن أبي ثُبَيْتٍ الرَّاسبيُّ] ، عن ابي الجَوْزَاءِ، عنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قال: قال رسولُ اللهِ ﷺ : "أهْلُ الجنّةِ منْ مَلأَ أُذُنَيْهِ منْ ثناءِ النَّاسِ خيرًا وهو يَسْمعُ، وأهلُ النَّارِ منْ مَلأَ أُذُنَيْهِ منْ ثَناء النَّاسِ شَرًّا وهُو يَسْمعُ" . وكذا رواهُ ابنُ ماجه من حديثِ مُسْلِمِ بنِ إبراهيم (١) . وقال القاضي أبو عُبَيْدٍ عَليُّ بنُ الْحُسينِ بنِ حَرْبَويه: حدّثنا محمدُ بن صالحٍ، حدّثنا خَلَفُ بن خَليفَةَ، عن أبي هاشم، عن سعيد بنِ جُبَيرٍ، عن ابن عبَّاسٍ قال: قال رسولُ الله ﷺ : "ألا أُخْبِرُكم بِرِجالِكم منْ أهْلِ الجَنّةِ؟ النَّبىُّ في الْجَنَّةِ، وَالصِّدِّيقُ في الجَنَّةِ، والشَّهيدُ في الجنّةِ، وَالرّجلُ يَزُورُ [أخاه] في ناحيةِ المِصْرِ لا يَزُورهُ إلَّا للهِ في الجنَّة، ونِسَاؤُكمِ من [أهل] الجنَّةِ العَؤود الوَدُودُ الولود التي إذا غَضِبَ أوْ غَضِبَتْ جَاءَتْ حتى تَضَعَ يدَها في يَدِ زوْجها ثم تقولُ: لا أذُوقُ غُمْضًا حتَّى تَرْضى" . وَرَوى النسائيُّ بعضهُ منْ حديث خَلَفِ بنِ خَلِيفةَ، عن أبي هاشمٍ، يَحْيَى بنِ دينارٍ، به (٢) . [فصل] هذه الأمَّةُ أكثرُ أهلِ الجنّةِ، وأعلاهُم منازل، وأوَّلُ من يدخل الجنة صَدْرُها، كما قال تعالى في صفة المقرَّبين: ﴿ثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ (١٣) وَقَلِيلٌ مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ﴾ [الواقعة: ١٣ و ١٤] وقال في صِفَةِ أهْلِ اليَمين: ﴿ثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ (١٣) وَثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ﴾ [الواقعة: ٣٩ و ٤٠] . وثبت في "الصَّحيحين" : "خيْرُ القُرُونِ (٣) قَرْنِي، ثمَّ الَّذين يَلُونَهُمْ، ثمَّ الَّذين يلونَهُمْ، ثمَّ يَكُونُ قَوْمٌ يُحِبُّونَ السِّمَنَ أوِ السَّمَانةَ، يَنْذِرُونَ ولا يَفُونَ، وَيَشْهَدُونَ ولا يُسْتَشْهَدُونَ، وَيَخُونُونَ ولا يُؤْتَمَنُونَ" (٤) . وخيار الصَّدْرِ الأوَّلِ الصَّحابةُ، كما قال ابنُ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه) : من كان منكم مُسْتَنًا، فليستنَّ بمن قد مات، فإن الحيَّ لا تُؤْمَنُ عليه الفتنة، أولئِكَ أصحابُ مُحمَّد ﷺ أبرُّ هذه الأمَّةِ قُلوبًا وأصدقها ألسنةً، وأعْمَقُها عِلْمًا، وأقلُّها تَكلُّفًا، قوْمٌ اخْتَارَهُمُ الله تعالى لِصُحْبَةِ رسوله ﷺ ، وإقامةِ دِينهِ، فَاعْرِفُوا لهمْ حقَّهم، واقْتَدُوا بهمْ، فإنَّهُمْ كانوا على الهُدَى المُسْتقيمِ (٥) .
(١) رواه الطبراني في "الكبير" (١٢٧٨٧) وابن ماجه رقم (٤٢٢٤) وهو حديث صحيح. (٢) أخرجه تمام في "فوائده" (٧٤٧ - الروض البسام) والنسائي في "الكبرى" (٩١٣٩) وهو حديث صحيح بطرقه وشواهده. (٣) الذي في الصحيحين: (خير الناس). (٤) رواه البخاري (٢٦٥١) ومسلم (٢٥٣٥) من حديث عمران بن حصين ﵁ . (٥) رواه ابن عبد البر في "جامع بيان العلم وفضله" (١٨١٠) موقوفًا على ابن مسعود.

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