Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Book on the Description of Hellfire and the Agonising Punishment it Contains—may Allah protect us from it.

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“But if you do not—and you will never be able to—then guard yourselves against the Fire whose fuel is people and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.” (Qur’an 2:24)

And He says:

“Such are the ones who have bartered guidance for misguidance and forgiveness for torment—how astounding is their endurance of the Fire!” (Qur’an 2:175)

And He says:

“Indeed, those who disbelieve and die while they are disbelievers—even if one of them were to offer the whole earth filled with gold in ransom, it would never be accepted from him. For such there is a painful punishment, and they will have no helpers.” (Qur’an 3:91)

And He says:

“Surely those who disbelieve in Our signs, We shall cast them into a Fire. Whenever their skins are wholly burned, We shall replace them with other skins so that they may taste the punishment. Truly Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.” (Qur’an 4:56)

And He says:

“Indeed, those who disbelieve and act wrongfully, Allah will never forgive them nor guide them to any path, [168] except the path of Hell; therein they will abide for ever. And that is easy for Allah.” (Qur’an 4:168-169)

And He says:

“Were those who disbelieve to possess all that is in the earth, and the like of it along with it, and offer it to ransom themselves from the punishment of the Day of Resurrection, it would not be accepted from them; for them is a painful punishment. [36] They will wish to escape from the Fire, but they will never escape from it; for them is a lasting punishment.” (Qur’an 5:36-37)

And He says:

“Enter, along with nations of jinn and humans who passed away before you, into the Fire …” (Qur’an 7:38)

And He says:

“They said, ‘Do not march forth in the heat.’ Say, ‘The Fire of Jahannam is far hotter—if only they understood!’ [81] So let them laugh a little and weep much, as a recompense for what they used to earn.” (Qur’an 9:81-82)

And He says:

“Therein they will have sighing and roaring, [106] abiding therein as long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord wills. Indeed, your Lord is ever-doing whatever He wills.” (Qur’an 11:106-107)

And He says:

“On the Day We shall assemble them on their faces—blind, dumb, and deaf—their refuge will be Jahannam; whenever it subsides, We shall increase for them the blazing flame.” (Qur’an 17:97)

And He says:

“These two adversaries have disputed concerning their Lord: as for those who disbelieve, garments of fire will be cut out for them; scalding water will be poured over their heads, [19] by which what is within their bellies and [even] their skins will be melted, [20] and for them are maces of iron. [21] Whenever, out of anguish, they try to escape therefrom, they will be driven back into it, and it will be said, ‘Taste the punishment of the burning!’” (Qur’an 22:19-22)

And He says:

“Those whose scales are light are the ones who have ruined themselves; [103] in Hell they will abide. The Fire will scorch their faces, and therein they will grimace, [104] [Allah will say:] ‘Were not My revelations recited to you, yet you used to belie them?’ [105] They will say, ‘Our Lord, our wretchedness overcame us, and we were a people astray. [106] Our Lord, bring us out of it; and if we return [to sin], we will indeed be wrong-doers.’ [107] He will say, ‘Remain despised therein, and do not speak to Me!’” (Qur’an 23:103-108)

And He says:

“Nay, they deny the Hour, and We have prepared for whoever denies the Hour a blazing Fire. [11] When it sees them from a distant place, they will hear it raging and roaring. [12] And when they are thrown into a narrow place therein, chained together, they will cry there for annihilation. [13] ‘Do not cry today for a single annihilation; cry for many annihilations!’ [14] Say …” (Qur’an 25:11-14)

And He says:

“The Hellfire will be brought into view for the deviators …” (Qur’an 26:91)

And He says:

“As for those who defiantly disobeyed, their refuge is the Fire. Whenever they seek to leave it, they will be returned to it, and it will be said to them, ‘Taste the punishment of the Fire that you used to deny.’ [20] And We shall surely make them taste the nearer punishment, short of the greater punishment, so that perhaps they may return.” (Qur’an 32:20-21)

And He, exalted, also says:

كتاب صفة النَّار وما فيها من العذاب الأليم أجارنا الله منها قال الله تعالى: ﴿فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَلَنْ تَفْعَلُوا فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ الَّتِي وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْكَافِرِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٤] . وقال تعالى: ﴿أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى وَالْعَذَابَ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ فَمَا أَصْبَرَهُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٧٥] . وقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ كُفَّارٌ فَلَنْ يُقْبَلَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِمْ مِلْءُ الْأَرْضِ ذَهَبًا وَلَوِ افْتَدَى بِهِ أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنْ نَاصِرِينَ﴾ [آل عمران: ٩١] . وقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا سَوْفَ نُصْلِيهِمْ نَارًا كُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُودُهُمْ بَدَّلْنَاهُمْ جُلُودًا غَيْرَهَا لِيَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا﴾ [النساء:٥٦] . وقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَظَلَمُوا لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ وَلَا لِيَهْدِيَهُمْ طَرِيقًا (١٦٨) إِلَّا طَرِيقَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرًا﴾ [النساء: ١٦٨ - ١٦٩] . وقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا وَمِثْلَهُ مَعَهُ لِيَفْتَدُوا بِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ مَا تُقُبِّلَ مِنْهُمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ (٣٦) يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنَ النَّارِ وَمَا هُمْ بِخَارِجِينَ مِنْهَا وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُقِيمٌ﴾ [المائدة: ٣٦ - ٣٧] . وقال تعالى: ﴿قَالَ ادْخُلُوا فِي أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنْسِ فِي النَّارِ﴾ الآيات [الأعراف: ٣٨] . وقال تعالى: ﴿وَقَالُوا لَا تَنْفِرُوا فِي الْحَرِّ قُلْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرًّا لَوْ كَانُوا يَفْقَهُونَ (٨١) فَلْيَضْحَكُوا قَلِيلًا وَلْيَبْكُوا كَثِيرًا جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ﴾ [التوبة:٨١ - ٨٢] . وقال تعالى ﴿لَهُمْ فِيهَا زَفِيرٌ وَشَهِيقٌ (١٠٦) خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ رَبُّكَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ فَعَّالٌ لِمَا يُرِيدُ﴾ [هود: ١٠٦ - ١٠٧] . وقال تعالى: ﴿وَنَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ عُمْيًا وَبُكْمًا وَصُمًّا مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ كُلَّمَا خَبَتْ زِدْنَاهُمْ سَعِيرًا﴾ [الإسراء:٩٧] . وقال تعالى: ﴿هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِنْ نَارٍ يُصَبُّ مِنْ فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ (١٩) يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ (٢٠) وَلَهُمْ مَقَامِعُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ (٢١) كُلَّمَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُوا فِيهَا وَذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْحَرِيقِ﴾ [الحج: ١٩ - ٢٢] . وقال تعالى: ﴿وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدُونَ (١٠٣) تَلْفَحُ وُجُوهَهُمُ النَّارُ وَهُمْ فِيهَا كَالِحُونَ (١٠٤) أَلَمْ تَكُنْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فَكُنْتُمْ بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ (١٠٥) قَالُوا رَبَّنَا غَلَبَتْ عَلَيْنَا شِقْوَتُنَا وَكُنَّا قَوْمًا ضَالِّينَ (١٠٦) رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْهَا فَإِنْ عُدْنَا فَإِنَّا ظَالِمُونَ (١٠٧) قَالَ اخْسَئُوا فِيهَا وَلَا تُكَلِّمُونِ﴾ الآيات [المؤمنون: ١٠٣ - ١٠٨] . وقال تعالى: ﴿بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِمَنْ كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيرًا (١١) إِذَا رَأَتْهُمْ مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ سَمِعُوا لَهَا تَغَيُّظًا وَزَفِيرًا (١٢) وَإِذَا أُلْقُوا مِنْهَا مَكَانًا ضَيِّقًا مُقَرَّنِينَ دَعَوْا هُنَالِكَ ثُبُورًا (١٣) لَا تَدْعُوا الْيَوْمَ ثُبُورًا وَاحِدًا وَادْعُوا ثُبُورًا كَثِيرًا (١٤) قُلْ أَذَلِكَ﴾ [الفرقان: ١١ - ١٥،. وقال تعالى: ﴿وَبُرِّزَتِ الْجَحِيمُ لِلْغَاوِينَ … ﴾ الآيات [الشعراء: ٩١] . وقال تعالى: ﴿وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فَسَقُوا فَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ كُلَّمَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا أُعِيدُوا فِيهَا وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ النَّارِ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ (٢٠) وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَدْنَى دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَكْبَرِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ﴾ [السجدة: ٢٠ - ٢١] . وقال تعالى:

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