Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Al-Bukhārī said:
“Qutaybah ibn Saʿīd related to us; Yaʿqūb ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, from ʿAmr ibn Abī ʿAmr, from Saʿīd ibn Abī Saʿīd, from Abū Hurayrah, who said:
‘I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:
“Indeed, when Allah created mercy He made it one hundred portions. He kept with Himself ninety-nine portions and sent down to all of His creation a single portion. Were the unbeliever to know all that is with Allah of mercy, he would never despair of Paradise; and were the believer to know all that is with Allah of punishment, he would never feel secure from the Fire.”’”
Al-Bukhārī alone transmitted this wording. ⦗1⦘

Ibn Mājah then said:
“Abū Kurayb and Aḥmad ibn Sinān both narrated to us; Abū Muʿāwiyah narrated to us, from al-Aʿmash, from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Abū Saʿīd, who said:
‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“On the day Allah created the heavens and the earth He created one hundred mercies. He placed one mercy upon the earth—through it the mother shows compassion to her child, the animals show kindness to one another, and the birds likewise. He deferred ninety-nine mercies until the Day of Resurrection; when that Day comes, Allah will complete them with this mercy.”’”
Ibn Mājah transmitted it alone, and it meets the conditions of the two Ṣaḥīḥ collections. ⦗2⦘

Ibn Mājah also cited the report that both Ṣaḥīḥs record through various chains from Abū Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ:
“Indeed, Allah wrote a book on the day He created the heavens and the earth: ‘My mercy prevails over My wrath.’”
In another narration: “has preceded My wrath.”
In yet another: “It is placed with Him upon the Throne,” and in yet another: “above the Throne.” ⦗3⦘ All of these narrations are sound.

Allah, Exalted is He, has said:
“Say, ‘To whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth?’ Say, ‘To Allah. He has prescribed mercy for Himself.’” (al-Anʿām 12)
And He said: “Your Lord has prescribed mercy for Himself.” (al-Anʿām 54)
And He said: “My mercy encompasses all things, but I shall ordain it for those who are mindful, give the zakāt, and believe in Our revelations.” (al-Aʿrāf 156)
He also says: “Our Lord, You have encompassed all things in mercy and knowledge.” (Ghāfir 7)—this is the angels’ testimony about Allah, Glorified is He, that He has encompassed everything in mercy and knowledge.
And He says: “But if they belie you, then say: ‘Your Lord is the possessor of all-embracing mercy; yet His punishment will not be averted from the criminal people.’” (al-Anʿām 147)

Ibn Mājah then cited the ḥadīth of [Ibn Abī Laylā, from] Muʿādh ibn Jabal, from the Prophet ﷺ, in which he said to him:
“O Muʿādh, do you know what right Allah has over His servants?”
I replied, “Allah and His Messenger know best.”
He said, “That they worship Him and do not associate anything with Him.”
He then said, “Do you know what right the servants have over Allah if they do that? That He will not punish them.”
This report is established in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī through the route of al-Aswad ibn Hilāl and Anas ibn Mālik, from Muʿādh. ⦗4⦘

(1) Reported by al-Bukhārī, no. 6469. (2) Reported by Ibn Mājah, no. 4294. (3) Reported by Ibn Mājah, nos. 4295 and 189; al-Bukhārī, nos. 7404 and 7453; and Muslim, no. 2751. (4) Reported by Ibn Mājah, no. 4296; and al-Bukhārī, nos. 7373 and 5967.
وقال البخاريُّ: حدَّثنا قُتَيْبةُ بنُ سعيد، حدَّثنا يعقوب بن عبد الرحمن، عن عمرو بن أبي عمرو، عن سعيد بن أبي سعيد، عن أبي هريرة، قال: سمعتُ رسول اللَّه ﷺ يقول: "إنَّ اللَّه خَلقَ الرَّحْمةَ يَوْمَ خَلَقَها مئة رحمة، فأمسك عِنْدَه تِسْعًا وتسعين رَحْمةً، وأرسل في خلقه كُلِّهِمْ رَحْمة واحِدَةً، فلو يعلمُ الكافرُ بكُلّ الذي عند اللَّه من الرحمة لم يَيْأسْ من الْجَنَّة، ولو يعلم المُؤْمنُ بكل الذي عند اللَّه من العذاب لم يأْمَنْ من النار" . انفرد به البخاريّ من هذا الوجه (١) . ثم قال ابن ماجه: حدَّثنا أبو كُرَيْبٍ، وأحمد بن سِنَان، قالا: حدَّثنا أبو معاوية، عن الأعمش، عن أبي صالح، عن أبي سعيد، قال: قال رسول اللَّه ﷺ : "خلق اللَّه يوم خلق السماوات والأرض مئةَ رحمةٍ، فجعل في الأرض منها رحمةً، فبِها تَعْطِفُ الوالدةُ على وَلَدها، والبهائمُ بعضُها على بعضٍ، والطيرُ، وأخَّر تسعًا وتسعين إلى يوم القيامة، فإذا كانَ يَوْمُ القِيَامَةِ أكملَها اللَّه بهذه الرحمة" . انفرد به، وهو على شرط "الصحيحين" (٢) . ثم أورد ابن ماجه ما أخرجاه في "الصحيحين" من طرق عن أبي هريرة عن النبيّ ﷺ : "إنَّ اللَّه كَتَبَ كِتابًا يَوْمَ خَلق السماوات، والأرض: إنَّ رَحْمَتي تَغْلِبُ غَضبي" وفي رواية: "سبقت غضبي" ، وفي رواية: "فهو موضوع عنده على العرش" وفي رواية: "فوق العرش" (٣) وكلُّها روايات صحيحة. وقد قال اللَّه تعالى: ﴿قُلْ لِمَنْ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ قُلْ لِلَّهِ كَتَبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ﴾ [الأنعام: ١٢] وقال تعالى: ﴿كَتَبَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ﴾ [الأنعام: ٥٤] وقال: ﴿وَرَحْمَتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَسَأَكْتُبُهَا لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ بِآيَاتِنَا يُؤْمِنُونَ﴾ [الأعراف: ١٥٦] . ﴿رَبَّنَا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَحْمَةً وَعِلْمًا﴾ [غافر: ٧] هذا إخبار من الملائكة عن اللَّه سبحانه أنه وسع كل [شيء] رحمة وعلمًا. وقال: ﴿فَإِنْ كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُلْ رَبُّكُمْ ذُو رَحْمَةٍ وَاسِعَةٍ وَلَا يُرَدُّ بَأْسُهُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ (١٤٧) ﴾ [الأنعام] . ثم أورد ابن ماجه حديث [ابن أبي ليلى، عن] مُعاذ [بن جبل عن النبيّ ﷺ أنه قال له: "يا معاذ]: أتدري ما حقُّ اللَّه على عباده؟ " قلت: اللَّه ورسوله أعلم، قال: "أنْ يَعْبُدُوهُ ولا يُشْركُوا به شَيْئًا" ثم قال: "أتدري ما حَقّ العِبادِ على اللَّه إذا هُمْ فعلوا ذلك؟ ألّا يُعَذِّبهم" . وهو ثابت في "صحيح البخاري" ، من طريق الأسود بن هلال، وأنس بن مالك، عن مُعاذٍ (٤) .
(١) رواه البخاري رقم (٦٤٦٩). (٢) رواه ابن ماجه رقم (٤٢٩٤). (٣) رواه ابن ماجه رقم (٤٢٩٥) و (١٨٩) والبخاري رقم (٧٤٠٤) و (٧٤٥٣) ومسلم رقم (٢٧٥١). (٤) رواه ابن ماجه رقم (٤٢٩٦) والبخاري رقم (٧٣٧٣) و (٥٩٦٧).

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