Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

In the Musnad of Imām Aḥmad an explicit statement is found affirming that he heard it from him; Allah knows best (1). It is also possible that he possessed the report from both Abū Mūsā and Abū Hurayrah—Allah knows best.

Al-Ḥāfiẓ al-Bayhaqī, for his part, transmitted it through the isnād of Marwān al-Aṣfar, from Abū Wāʾil, from ʿAbdullāh ibn Masʿūd as a saying of Ibn Masʿūd himself, in identical wording.

Ibn Abī al-Dunyā likewise related from Ibn al-Mubārak that he recited verses on the matter:

The scrolls will fly through the hands, spread wide apart;
Within them lie the secrets, while the Compeller looks on.
How can you be heedless when the tidings are about to descend—
In but a moment—yet you know not upon what they will fall?
Gardens—an endless triumph—may be your lot,
Or the raging Fire that spares none and leaves none.
It plunges its inmates at times, then heaves them high;
Whenever they seek escape from its grief, they are driven back.
Let knowledge benefit its bearer before death arrives;
Many once begged to return through it, yet never returned.

Allah the Exalted has said:
“O mankind! You are laboring toward your Lord with great exertion and will meet Him (6).
Then as for him who is given his record in his right hand (7),
He will be reckoned with an easy reckoning (8),
And will return to his people joyful (9).
But as for him who is given his record behind his back (10),
He will cry out, ‘Destruction!’ (11),
And will burn in a Blaze (12).
He had once been among his people in delight (13);
Indeed he thought he would never return (14).
Yes indeed! His Lord was ever watchful of him (15).”
(Al-Inshiqāq 84:6–15)

Al-Bukhārī stated in his Ṣaḥīḥ: Isḥāq ibn Manṣūr narrated to us; Rawḥ ibn ʿUbādah narrated to us; Ḥātim ibn Abī Ṣaghīrah narrated to us; ʿAbdullāh ibn Abī Mulaykah narrated to us; al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad told me, and ʿĀʾishah—may Allah be pleased with her—told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “No one will be called to account on the Day of Resurrection except that he is doomed.” I asked, “O Messenger of Allah, has not Allah said, ‘Then as for him who is given his record in his right hand (7), he will be reckoned with an easy reckoning (8)’?” (Al-Inshiqāq 84:7–8). He replied, “That is merely the presentation (al-ʿarḍ); whoever is subjected to a detailed reckoning on the Day of Resurrection will be punished.” (2)

He thus indicated that, were Allah to examine them with meticulous scrutiny, He would punish them all—and He would not be unjust to them. Yet the Most High pardons, overlooks, forgives, and conceals sins in this world and in the Hereafter, as in the ḥadith of Ibn ʿUmar regarding the private audience:

“Allah will draw His servant near on the Day of Resurrection until He covers him with His veil. He will then make him acknowledge his sins; when the servant thinks he is ruined, Allah will say, ‘I concealed them for you in the world, and today I forgive you.’” (3)

(1) Narrated in Musnad Ahmad (vol. 2, p. 362), no. 8742; its isnad (chain of transmission) is weak. (2) Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari, no. 6537. (3) Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari, no. 2441, and in Sahih Muslim, no. 2768.
وقد وقع في "مسند الإمام أحمد" التصريحُ بسمَاعِه منه، فاللَّه أعلم (١) . وقد يكون الحديث عنده عن أبي موسى، وأبي هريرة، واللَّه أعلم. وأما الحافظُ البَيْهقيّ، فرواه من طريق مَرْوانَ الأصفر، عن أبي وائل، عن عبد اللَّه بن مسعود من قوله، مثله سواءً. وقد روى ابن أبي الدنيا عن ابن المبارك: أنَّه أنشد في ذلك شعرًا: وَطَارَتِ الصُّحْفُ في الأيْدِي مُنَشَّرَةً … فِيهَا السَّرَائرُ والجَبَّارُ مُطلعُ فَكَيْفَ سَهْوُكَ وَالْأَنْبَاءُ وَاقِعَةٌ … عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ، وَلَا تَدْرِي بِمَا تَقَعُ إِمَّا الْجِنَانُ وَفَوْزٌ لَا انْقِضَاءَ لَهُ … أَو الْجَحِيمُ فَلَا تُبْقِي وَلَا تَدَعُ تَهْوِي بِسُكَّانِهَا طَوْرًا وَتَرْفَعُهُ … إِذَا رَجَوْا مَخْرَجًا مِنْ غَمِّهَا قُمِعُوا لِيَنْفَعِ الْعِلْمُ قَبْلَ الْمَوْتِ عَالِمَهُ … قَدْ سَالَ قَوْمٌ بِهَا الرُّجْعَى فَمَا رَجَعُوا وقد قال اللَّه تعالى في كتابه العزيز: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الْإِنْسَانُ إِنَّكَ كَادِحٌ إِلَى رَبِّكَ كَدْحًا فَمُلَاقِيهِ (٦) فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ (٧) فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا (٨) وَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا (٩) وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ (١٠) فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُورًا (١١) وَيَصْلَى سَعِيرًا (١٢) إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا (١٣) إِنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَنْ لَنْ يَحُورَ (١٤) بَلَى إِنَّ رَبَّهُ كَانَ بِهِ بَصِيرًا (١٥) ﴾ [الانشقاق: ٦ - ١٥] . قال البخاريّ في "صحيحه" : حدَّثنا إسحاق بن منصور، حدَّثنا رَوحُ بن عُبادةَ، حدَّثنا حاتم بن أبي صَغيرة، حدَّثنا عبد اللَّه بن أبي مُلَيْكةَ، حدّثني القاسمُ بن محمد، حدّثَتْني عائشةُ (عليه السلام) : أنَّ رسول اللَّه ﷺ قال: "ليس أحدٌ يُحاسبُ يَوْمَ القِيَامةِ إلَّا هَلَكَ" فقلت: يا رسول اللَّه، ألَيْسَ قَدْ قال اللَّه تعالى: ﴿فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ (٧) فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا (٨) ﴾ [الانشقاق: ٧ - ٨] فقال رسول اللَّه ﷺ : "إنّما ذلك العرض، وليس أحَدٌ يُنافَشُ الْحِسابَ يَومَ القِيامَةِ إلَّا عُذِّب" (٢) . أشار إلى أن اللَّه تعالى لو ناقش في حسابه لهم لعذّبهم كلهم وهو غيرُ ظالم لهم، ولكنَّه تعالى يعفو، ويصفح، ويغفِر، ويستر في الدُّنيا والآخرة، كما في حديث ابن عمر في النجوى: "يُدْني اللَّهُ العَبْدَ يوم القيامة حتّى يَضَع عليه كَنفهُ، ثُمَّ يُقرِّره بذُنُوبِهِ، حتى إذا ظَنَ أنه قد هلَك، قال اللَّه تعالى: إنِّي قد سَتَرْتُها عَلَيْك في الدُّنيا، وأنا أغْفِرُها لك اليوم" (٣) .
(١) رواه أحمد (٢/ ٣٦٢) رقم (٨٧٤٢) وإسنادها ضعيف. (٢) رواه البخاري رقم (٦٥٣٧). (٣) رواه البخاري رقم (٢٤٤١) ومسلم (٢٧٦٨).

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