Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

—say: “When it sees them from afar they will hear it raging and roaring (12).” [al-Furqan 25:12] This was narrated by Ibn Abi Hatim.

Ibn Jarir said: Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Dawraqi related to us, ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Musa related to us, Isra’il related to us, from Abu Yahya, from Mujahid, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said:
“A man will be dragged toward the Fire, whereupon part of it will shrink back against the other. The All-Merciful will ask, ‘What is the matter with you?’ It will reply, ‘He is seeking refuge with You from me.’ He will say, ‘Release My servant.’
“Another man will be dragged toward the Fire and will say, ‘My Lord, I did not think this of You.’ He will ask, ‘And what did you think of Me?’ The man will answer, ‘That Your mercy would encompass me.’ He will say, ‘Release My servant.’
“And another man will be dragged toward the Fire; it will snort at him like a mule snorting at barley and will exhale a breath such that no one remains without being struck with fear.” Its chain of transmission is sound.

‘Abd al-Razzaq said: Ma‘mar related to us, from Mansur, from Mujahid, from ‘Ubayd ibn ‘Umayr, who said:
“Hell (Jahannam) will exhale a breath at which no angel and no prophet will remain without falling down, their joints trembling, so much so that even Ibrahim will sink to his knees and say, ‘My Lord, today I ask You only for myself.’”

And in the hadith of the Trumpet it is said: “Then Allah will command Hell, and a towering, pitch-dark neck will emerge from it.” Then the Exalted One will say:
“Did I not enjoin upon you, O children of Adam, that you do not worship Satan—he is a manifest enemy to you— (60) and that you worship Me? This is a straight path. (61) Yet he led great multitudes of you astray; did you not then use your reason? (62) This is Hell, which you were promised. (63) Burn therein today because you persistently disbelieved. (64)” [Ya-Sin 36:60-64].

And He says: “Separate yourselves today, you sinners!” [Ya-Sin 36:59]—so Allah will distinguish between all creatures, and the nations will fall to their knees. This is His saying: “You will see every nation kneeling; every nation will be summoned to its record: ‘Today you will be repaid for what you used to do. (28) This Our Book speaks against you in truth; We were indeed recording what you used to do.’ (29)” [al-Jathiyah 45:28-29].

[Mention of the Scale]
Allah the Most High says: “We shall set up the just scales for the Day of Resurrection, so no soul will be wronged in the least; and even if it be the weight of a mustard seed, We shall bring it forth, and sufficient are We as Reckoners.” [al-Anbiyaʾ 21:47].

He also says: “Those whose scales are heavy—it is they who will prosper; (102) whereas those whose scales are light—it is they who will have ruined themselves; in Hell they will abide forever. (103)” [al-Muʾminun 23:102-103].

And He says: “The weighing on that Day is the truth; so whoever’s scales are heavy—it is they who will prosper; (8) and whoever’s scales are light—it is they who have ruined themselves because they used to wrong Our signs. (9)” [al-A‘raf 7:8-9].

And He says: “As for the one whose scales are heavy, (6) he will enjoy a pleasant life; (7) but as for the one whose scales are light, (8) his mother will be the abyss. (9) And what can make you know what it is? (10) A blazing fire. (11)” [al-Qari‘ah 101:6-11].

And He says: “Say, ‘Shall We inform you of those whose deeds are the greatest losers? (103) Those whose effort went astray in the life of this world while they thought they were doing good. (104) They are the ones who disbelieved in the signs of their Lord and in meeting Him; so their deeds have come to nothing, and We shall assign them no weight on the Day of Resurrection.’” [al-Kahf 18:103-105].

Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Qurtubi said: The scholars state that when the reckoning on the Day of Resurrection is concluded, the weighing of deeds comes thereafter, for the weighing is for the recompense and therefore ought to follow the accounting—the accounting establishes the deeds, whereas the weighing makes manifest

يقول: ﴿إِذَا رَأَتْهُمْ مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ سَمِعُوا لَهَا تَغَيُّظًا وَزَفِيرًا (١٢) ﴾ [الفرقان: ١٢] رواه ابن أبي حاتم. وقال ابن جرير: حدَّثنا أحمد بنُ إبراهيم الدّوْرقيّ، حدَّثنا عُبَيْدُ اللَّه بنُ موسى، حدَّثنا إسرائيلُ، عن أبي يحيى، عن مُجاهد، عن ابن عبَّاس، قال: إنّ الرَّجُلَ ليُجَرُّ إلى النار، فَتَنْزَوي ويَنْقَبضُ بَعْضُها إلى بَعْض، فيقول الرحمنُ: مالكِ؟ فتقول: إنه يَسْتَجيرُ بك منِّي، فيقول: أرْسلُوا عَبْدي، وإنّ الرَّجُل لَيُجَرُّ إلى النار فيقول: يا رَبّ، ما كان هذا الظنَّ بِكَ، فيقول: فما كانَ ظنُّك؟ فيقول: أنْ تَسَعَني رَحْمتُك، فيقول: أرْسلُوا عَبدي، وإنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُجرُّ إلى النّار، فَتَشْهقُ إلَيْهِ النّارُ شُهُوقَ البَغْلَةِ إلى الشَّعير، وتَزْفِرُ زَفْرَة لا يَبْقَى أحَدٌ إلَّا خافَ. إسناده صحيح. وقال عبد الرزاق: حدَّثنا مَعْمرٌ، عن منصور، عن مجاهد، عن عُبَيْد بن عُمَيْر، قال: إنّ جَهنَّمَ تَزْفِرُ زَفْرَةً لا يَبْقَى مَلَكٌ، ولا نَبيٌّ إِلَّا خَرَّ، تُرْعَدُ فَرَائصه، حتَّى إنَّ إبراهيم لَيَجْثُو على رُكْبَتَيْهِ، ويقول: يا رَبّ، لا أسْألُكَ اليومَ إلّا نَفْسي. وقال في حديث الصُّور: ثم يأمر اللَّهُ جَهنَم فيَخْرُج مِنْها عُنُقٌ سَاطِعٌ مُظْلم، ثم يقول تعالى: ﴿أَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يَابَنِي آدَمَ أَنْ لَا تَعْبُدُوا الشَّيْطَانَ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ (٦٠) وَأَنِ اعْبُدُونِي هَذَا صِرَاطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ (٦١) وَلَقَدْ أَضَلَّ مِنْكُمْ جِبِلًّا كَثِيرًا أَفَلَمْ تَكُونُوا تَعْقِلُونَ (٦٢) هَذِهِ جَهَنَّمُ الَّتِي كُنْتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ (٦٣) اصْلَوْهَا الْيَوْمَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ﴾ [يس: ٦٠ - ٦٤] . وقال: ﴿وَامْتَازُوا الْيَوْمَ أَيُّهَا الْمُجْرِمُونَ﴾ [يس: ٥٩] فيَميزُ اللَّهُ بين الخلائق، وتجْثُو الأمم، وذلك قوله تعالى: ﴿وَتَرَى كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعَى إِلَى كِتَابِهَا الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (٢٨) هَذَا كِتَابُنَا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنْسِخُ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ﴾ [الجاثية: ٢٨ - ٢٩] . [ذكر الميزان] قال اللَّه تعالى: ﴿وَنَضَعُ الْمَوَازِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَا تُظْلَمُ نَفْسٌ شَيْئًا وَإِنْ كَانَ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ أَتَيْنَا بِهَا وَكَفَى بِنَا حَاسِبِينَ﴾ [الأنبياء: ٤٧] . وقال تعالى: ﴿فَمَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ (١٠٢) وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدُونَ﴾ [المؤمنون: ١٠٢ - ١٠٣] . وقال تعالى: ﴿وَالْوَزْنُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْحَقُّ فَمَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ (٨) وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يَظْلِمُونَ﴾ [الأعراف: ٨ - ٩] . وقال تعالى: ﴿فَأَمَّا مَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (٦) فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَاضِيَةٍ (٧) وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (٨) فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (٩) وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (١٠) نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (١١) ﴾ [القارعة: ٦ - ١١] . وقال تعالى: ﴿قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِالْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَالًا (١٠٣) الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا (١٠٤) أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَلِقَائِهِ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فَلَا نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَزْنًا﴾ [الكهف: ١٠٣ - ١٠٥] . قال أبو عبد اللَّه القرطبيّ: قال العلماء: إذا انقضى الحسابُ يوم القيامة كان بعده وَزْنُ الأعمال، لأن الوزن للجزاء، فينبغي أن يكون بعد المحاسبة، فإن المحاسبة لتقرير الأعمال والوزن لإظهار

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