Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Ibn Abī al-Dunyā said:

ʿUbayd Allah ibn Jarīr informed us; Mūsā ibn Ismāʿīl related to us; ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn Ziyād related to us; ʿUbayd Allah ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Aṣam (1) from Yazīd ibn al-Aṣam, who said:

Ibn ʿAbbās said, “The keeper of the Trumpet has not blinked since it was entrusted to him. It is as though his eyes were two brilliant stars, staring toward the Throne, fearing that he may be ordered to blow before his eyelids return to one another.” (2)

Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar Mushkadanah (3) narrated to us; Marwān ibn Muʿāwiyah, from ʿUbayd Allah ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Aṣam, from Yazīd ibn al-Aṣam, from Abū Hurayrah, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared:

“The keeper of the Trumpet has not blinked since it was placed under his charge. Ever prepared, he gazes toward the Throne, fearing that he might be commanded before his glance returns to him. His eyes are like two radiant stars.” (4)

[The complete ḥadīth of the Trumpet.]

Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū Yaʿlā al-Mawṣilī said in his Musnad: ʿAmr ibn al-Ḍaḥḥāk ibn Makhlad narrated to us; Abū ʿĀṣim al-Ḍaḥḥāk ibn Makhlad narrated to us; Abū Rāfiʿ Ismāʿīl ibn Rāfiʿ, from Muḥammad ibn [Yazīd ibn Abī] Ziyād, from Muḥammad ibn Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, from a man of the Anṣār, from Abū Hurayrah, who said:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ informed us, while he was among a group of his Companions:

“When Allah, Exalted is He, finished creating the heavens and the earth, He created the Trumpet and gave it to Isrāfīl. He has placed it at his mouth, his gaze fixed on the Throne, waiting for the moment he is commanded and then he will blow.”

I said, “O Messenger of Allah, what is the ṣūr (Trumpet)?”

He replied, “A horn.”

I asked, “What is it like?”

He said, “Immense. By Him Who sent me with the truth, the circumference of its circular opening is like the breadth of the heavens and the earth. It will be blown three times: the first is the Blast of Terror (nafkhatu al-fazaʿ), the second the Blast of Swooning (nafkhatu al-ṣaʿq), and the third the Blast of Resurrection (nafkhatu al-qiyām) before the Lord of the Worlds.

“Allah will command Isrāfīl regarding the first blast and will say, ‘Blow the Blast of Terror.’ So he will blow, and all who are in the heavens and on the earth will panic, except those whom Allah wills. Then Allah will command him, and he will prolong it and lengthen it without pause. It is this to which Allah refers: ‘They are only waiting for a single cry; there will be no delay thereafter.’ (Ṣād 38:15)

“At that, the mountains will move like clouds and become a mirage; the earth will quake with its inhabitants, swaying like a doomed ship (5) at sea, battered by the waves, capsizing those on board; like a lamp hanging from the Throne, tossed by the winds—indeed, it is that which…”

(1) The accounts differ regarding his name; the correct one is the version we have established. (2) Narrated by Ibn Abi al-Dunya in Al-Ahwaal (51); it is a hasan hadith. (3) This is the epithet of ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar ibn Aban al-Juʿfani, a Persian term meaning “musk container.” (4) Narrated by Ibn Abi al-Dunya in Al-Ahwaal (46); it is a hasan hadith. (5) al-mubqa: literally “the confined,” i.e. “imprisoned.”
وقال ابن أبي الدُّنيا: أخبرنا عُبَيدُ اللَّه بنُ جرير، حدَّثنا موسى بن إسماعيل، حدَّثنا عبد الواحد بن زياد، حدَّثنا عبيد اللَّه بن عبد اللَّه بن الأصم (١) عن يزيد بن الأصَمّ، قال: قال ابنُ عبّاس: إن صاحِبَ الصورِ لَمْ يَطْرِفْ مُنْذُ وُكِّل به، كَأنَّ عَيْنَيْهِ كَوْكَبَانِ دُرِّيّانِ يَنْظُر تُجَاهَ العَرْشِ مَخَافة أَنْ يُؤْمَر أَنْ يَنْفُخَ فيه، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَدّ إلَيْه طَرْفُه (٢) . وحَدّثنا أبو عبد الرحمن عبد اللَّه بن عمر مُشْكُدانه (٣) حدثنا مروانُ بنُ معاوية، عن عُبيد اللَّه بن عبد اللَّه بن الأصَمّ، عن يَزِيدَ بن الأصَمّ، عن أبي هريرة، قال: رسول اللَّه ﷺ : "ما أطْرَفَ صاحبُ الصُّورِ مْنذُ وُكِّل به، مُسْتَعِدٌّ يَنْظُرُ نَحْوَ العَرْشِ مَخَافة أنْ يُؤْمَرَ قَبْلَ أنْ يَرْتَدَّ إلَيْه طَرْفُه، كان عَيْنيه كَوكَبانِ دُرِّيَّانِ" (٤) . [حديث الصور بطوله] قال الحافظ أبو يَعْلَى المَوْصِليّ في "مُسْندِه" : حدّثنا عمرو [بن] الضحَّاك بن مَخْلَد، حدّثنا أبو عاصم الضحّاك بن مَخْلد، حدَّثنا أبو رافع، إسماعيلُ بن رافع، عن محمد بن [يزيد بن أبي] زياد، عن محمد بن كعب القُرَظيّ، عن رجل من الأنصار، عن أبي هريرة، قال: حدّثنا رسولُ اللَّه ﷺ وهو في طائفةٍ من أصحابه، قال: "إن اللَّهَ تَعالَى لَمّا فَرغَ مِنْ خَلْق السَّماواتِ وَالأَرض خَلقَ الصُّورَ، فأعطاهُ إسْرَافيل، فَهُو واضِعُه على فيه شَاخصًا إلى العَرْشِ بِبَصرِه، يَنْتَظِرُ مَتَى يُؤْمَرُ فينفخ" ، قال: قلتُ: يا رسول اللَّه، ما الصُّور؟ قال: "قَرْنٌ" ، قلت: كيفَ هُوَ؟ قال: "عَظِيمٌ" ، قال: "والذي بعثني بالحقّ، إنَّ عِظَم دَائرَةٍ فيه كعَرْض السَّماواتِ والأَرضِ، يُنْفَخُ فيه ثَلَاثُ نَفَخَاتٍ، الأولى نَفْخَةُ الفَزَع، والثَّانيَةُ نَفْخَةُ الصّعْقٍ، والثالثةُ نَفْخَةُ القِيامِ لربّ العالمين، يأمرُ اللَّهُ إسرافيلَ بالنّفْخة الأولى، فيقول: انفُخْ نَفْخَةَ الفَزَعَ، فينفُخُ نَفْخَةَ الفَزَع، فَيفْزَعُ أهْلُ السَّماواتِ والأَرضِ إلَّا مَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، ويأمره تعالى، فَيمُدُّها ويُطيلها، ولا يَفْتُرُ، وهِيَ التي يقول اللَّهُ: ﴿وَمَا يَنْظُرُ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَّا صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً مَا لَهَا مِنْ فَوَاقٍ (١٥) ﴾ [ص] ، فتَسِيرُ الجبالُ سَيْر السَّحَاب، فتكونُ سَرَابًا، وَترتَجُّ الأرْضُ بأهْلِها رَجًّا، فتكونُ كالسَّفَينِةِ المُوبَقَةِ (٥) في البَحْر، تضرِبُها الأمواجُ تُكْفَأُ بأهلِها، كالقِنْديل المُعَلَّق بالعَرْش تُرجِّحُه الأَرواحُ، ألَا وهو الذي
(١) اختلفت الأصول في اسمه، والصواب ما أثبتنا. (٢) رواه ابن أبي الدنيا في "الأهوال" (٥١) وهو حديث حسن. (٣) هو لقب عبد اللَّه بن عمر بن أبان الجعفي، وهي كلمة فارسية معناها: وعاء المسك. (٤) رواه ابن أبي الدنيا في "الأهوال" (٤٦) وهو حديث حسن. (٥) الموبقة: أي المحبوسة.

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