so that their heads twist. Thus the haughty man who tilts his face away—whether he is addressing people or they are addressing him—out of pride over them is likened to that disease.(1)
Abū Ṭālib recited:
In bygone days we never left a wrong unchallenged;
whenever they bent their proud cheeks, we straightened them.
ʿAmr ibn Ḥunay(2) al-Taghlibī said:
Whenever a tyrant turned his cheek in arrogance,
we corrected his tilt until he stood upright.(3)
As for His words, “And do not walk upon the earth exultantly; surely Allah does not love every swaggering boaster,” He forbids him to strut in his gait out of self-aggrandizement and pride over people—
just as the Exalted also says: “And do not walk upon the earth exultantly; you will never tear the earth apart, nor will you reach the mountains in height” (al-Isrāʾ 17:37).
That is, no matter how brisk your stride, you will not traverse the lands in this manner; nor, by stamping the ground with your foot, will you split the earth; nor, through your self-exaltation and conceit, will you attain the height of the mountains. Restrain yourself, for you will never surpass the measure assigned to you.
A sound ḥadīth states, “While a man was walking in his two cloaks, swaggering in them, Allah caused the earth to swallow him, and he continues to plunge within it until the Day of Resurrection.”(4)(5)
Another narration says, “Beware of letting the hem of your lower garment trail, for that is arrogance, and Allah does not love arrogance.”(6)
Thus the verse declares: “Surely Allah does not love every arrogant boaster.” Having forbidden conceit in walking, He next commanded moderation in it—for a person must walk—thereby forbidding the evil and enjoining the good. He said: “And be moderate in your walk,” meaning: do not move with undue slowness, nor rush with excessive haste, but keep to a balanced course,
just as He, the Exalted, said: “The servants of the Most Merciful are those who walk upon the earth with humility, and when the ignorant address them they say, ‘Peace’” (al-Furqān 25:63).