He died beneath a flogging that surpassed a thousand lashes on the tenth of Ṣafar that year, and was buried in the Qarāfa cemetery, though some reported that he was later moved to Syria.
At the outset of his career he had been a merchant; then, through the intercession of Taqī al-Dīn ibn Tawbah ⦗1⦘, he was appointed market inspector (ḥisba) in Damascus. He used to conduct transactions for al-Malik al-Ashraf before the latter assumed the sultanate, and in those dealings he showed fairness and honesty. When al-Ashraf succeeded his father al-Manṣūr, he summoned him back from the pilgrimage and installed him ⦗2⦘ as vizier.
Once in office he behaved arrogantly toward the leading emirs, addressing them by their bare names and refusing to rise for them. But when his patron al-Ashraf was killed ⦗3⦘, they seized him, beating and humiliating him and confiscating his wealth until they deprived him of life. They executed him by ṣabr ⦗4⦘ and laid him in the dust—although in his own eyes he had already reached the Pleiades. Yet it is a sure decree with Allah that whatever He raises, He will inevitably bring low ⦗5⦘.
= Al-Wāfī bi-al-Wafayāt (vol. 4, p. 86), al-Nujūm al-Zāhira (vol. 8, pp. 53–54), al-Dalīl al-Shāfī (vol. 1, p. 652) by Ibn Abī al-Rijāʾ, and Shadharāt al-Dhahab (vol. 7, p. 741).
(1) In manuscript B: ‘bisafārat al-ṣāḥib Taqī al-Dīn Tūbah.’ His biography will appear in al-Wafayāt under 698 AH.
(2) B reads: “Before the sultanate; when he succeeded his father, he performed the Ḥajj and was appointed its supervisor.”
(3) B reads: “They killed al-Ashraf.”
(4) B reads: “and his patience.”
(5) What follows in B is the subsequent marginal gloss:
Footnote: A Quip and Exposé of the Astrologers.
It recounts that Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq al-Kindī, their foremost astrologer in his day, asserted that the duration of this Ummah would end in the year 693 AH. He claimed, as al-Jumal records, that this was derived from the numerical values of the muqaṭṭaʿāt letters at the start of certain Sūrahs in the Qurʾān—fourteen distinct letters after removing duplicates, yielding 600 + 93 = 693. Others who professed ‘ilm al-ḥurūf (the science of letters) concurred; they thus lied, fabricated, and exposed their own ignorance and folly. These astrologers also maintained that the planetary star (najm) of this Ummah is al-Zuhara (Venus) and that of the Christians is al-Mushtari (Jupiter). This epitomizes the height of ignorance, since in their craft a Venus star signifies nothing but licentious play, and no people among humankind excel this Community in the sciences of the Qurʾān—its eloquence, sound understanding, internal coherence, and exposition, which guide one to all other rational and transmitted sciences. By contrast, a Jupiter star, for them, signifies knowledge and action—yet no group is more ignorant than the Christians, even if some among them show piety and devotion. As one sage observed, “If ten Christians were gathered, they would diverge into eleven opinions.” They either imitate their ignorant predecessors in the misguidance they set before them—namely, the doctrine of the Trinity, making the One three and the three one—Glory be to God above their statements. Accordingly, Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī remarked in his treatise on astrology: “If misfortune were deemed fortunate and fortune deemed misfortune, and all their celestial configurations reversed, their craft would still be consistent with them,” indicating that their discipline is built on conjecture, guesswork, ignorance, and falsehood. And God knows best.
I also encountered in the writings of our Shaykh, the distinguished scholar Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Taymīyah, in his remarks on the astrologers, that the discourse on the stars is categorically divided: some of it corresponds to what God mentions in the Qurʾān—that He made them adornments for the heavens, missiles against the devils, and signs by which one is guided in the darkness of land and sea. Qatāda and others said: “Whoever ascribes to them any other function has overreached and spoken without knowledge.”