Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

over the affairs of state, and the senior amirs withdrew from him. A group among them grew angry, renounced him, left his side, and stationed themselves on the route of the troops (1) who had marched to Sis, along with others. The troops then turned back and joined them; once they had gathered, they set their hearts against al-Malik al-Saʿīd and stirred up the army’s misgivings toward him. They said, “A king ought not to spend his time in play and amusement (2); rather, the concern of kings must be justice, the interests of the Hereafter, and the defense of their realm—just as his father did.” What they said was true, for the frivolity of kings, amirs, and others is a sign of blessings being withdrawn, kingdoms collapsing, and subjects becoming corrupt.

The army therefore wrote to him, demanding that he dismiss the khāṣṣakiyyah (his personal retainers) and draw near to men of wisdom and sound judgment, as his father had done. He refused (3), for he was unable to do so on account of the retainers’ strength and great numbers. Consequently, the troops mounted and set out for Marj al-Ṣufar. They could not pass through Damascus (4) and instead skirted it from the east; when they had all assembled at Marj al-Ṣufar (5) the sultan sent his mother to them. They came out to receive her and kissed the ground before her. She sought to conciliate them (6) and set matters right, and they responded favorably but imposed certain conditions upon her son, the sultan. When she returned to him, he did not fulfill those conditions, nor did the khāṣṣakiyyah allow him to do so.

The troops therefore marched toward the Egyptian lands, and the sultan pursued them, hoping to remedy the situation before it worsened (7) and unraveled. He did not overtake them; they reached Cairo ahead of him. He had already dispatched his children, family (8), and baggage train to al-Karak, fortifying them there. He himself rode out with a contingent of the troops who had remained (9) with him, together with the khāṣṣakiyyah, toward Egypt (10). When he drew near, they barred his way and fought him, and only a few men were killed on either side. One of the amirs then took him, broke through the ranks, and brought him into Qalʿat al-Jabal (the Citadel of the Mountain) to calm matters (11), but this only increased their hostility. They thereupon besieged the citadel and cut off its water supply, and many grave events and trying circumstances ensued. The affair was later settled with the Emir Sayf al-Din Qalāwūn al-Alfī al-Ṣāliḥī—who was the man in question at the time—

(1) Source B: The reason is that Sultan al-Malik al-Sa‘īd was in Damascus when he dispatched al-Habīs to Sis and busied himself with games, amusements, and leisure among the khaṣakīya (private guards), who then seized control of affairs; after the senior emirs grew complacent, he became angry. (2) Source B: They returned to him, and when the troops coming back from Sis joined them, they insulted Sultan al-Sa‘īd and threatened to imprison his khawāja (chief officer). The sultan accordingly sent the army to withdraw the khaṣakīya from his service, but they refused, and he was unable to enforce it due to their power and numbers. (3) Source A: Those who had reached puberty warned him against it as his father had done, but he refused to comply. (4) Source B: And they did not cross [over]. In B there are disputes of this type; I have recorded only what is beneficial and agrees with A. (5) Source A does not mention what occurred between the two sieges. (6) Source B: they met them. (7) Before it escalated. (8) Source A: his family, his sons, and his principal retainers; Source B: his family and principal retainers. (9) Source B: those who went ahead of him; when they drew near… (10) Source A: intent on moving into the provinces (al-diyār). (11) Source B: so that authority would settle in his favor.
الأمور، وبَعُدَ عنه الأمراءُ الكبارُ، فغضبت طائفةٌ منهم ونابذوه وفارقوه وأقاموا بطريق العساكر (١) الذين توجهوا إلى سيس وغيرهم، فرجعتِ العساكرُ إليهم فلما اجتمعوا شعثوا قلوبهم على الملك السعيد، ووحشوا خواطر الجيش عليه، وقالوا: الملك لا ينبغي له أن يلعب ويلهو (٢) ، وإنما همّةُ الملوك في العدل ومصالح الآخرة والذبّ عن حوزتهم، كما كان أبوه. وصدقوا فيما قالوا، فإنَّ لعبَ الملوك والأمراء وغيرهم دليل على زوال النعم وخراب المُلْك، وفساد الرعية. ثم راسله الجيش في إبعاد الخاصكية عنه ودنوِّ ذوي الأحلام والنهى إليه كما كان أبوه، فلم يفعل (٣) ، وذلك أنه كان لا يمكنه ذلك لقوة شوكة الخاصكية وكثرتهم، فركب الجيش وساروا قاصدين مرج الصفر، ولم [يمكنهم العبور (٤) على دمشق بل أخذوا من شرقها، فلما اجتمعوا كلهم بمرج الصفر] (٥) أرسل السلطان أمه إليهم فتلقوها وقبّلوا الأرض بين يديها، فأخذت تتألفهم (٦) وتصلح الأمور، فأجابوها واشترطوا شروطًا على ولدها السلطان، فلما رجعت إليه لم يلتزم بها ولم تمكنه الخاصكية من ذلك، فسارت العساكر إلى الديار المصرية، فساق السلطان خلفهم ليتلافى الأمور قبل تفاقمها (٧) وانفراطها، فلم يلحقهم وسبقوه إلى القاهرة، وقد كان أرسل أولاده وأهله (٨) وثقله إلى الكرك فحصنهم فيها، وركب في طائفة من الجيش الذين بقوا (٩) معه والخاصكية إلى الديار (١٠) المصرية، فلما اقترب منها صدوه عنها وقاتلوه فقتل من الفريقين نفر يسير، فأخذه بعض الأمراء فشق به الصفوف وأدخله في قلعة الجبل ليسكن الأمر (١١) ، فما زادهم ذلك إِلَّا نفورًا، فحاصروا حيئنذ القلعة وقطعوا عنها الماءَ، وجرت خطوبٌ طويلةٌ وأحوالٌ صعبةٌ. ثم اتفق الحالُ بعد ذلك مع الأمير سيف الدين قلاوون الألفي الصالحي - وهو المشار إليه حينئذ -
(١) ب: وسبب ذلك أن السلطان الملك السعيد أقام بدمشق حين بعث الحبيس إلى سيس وأخذ في اللعب واللهو والانبساط من الخاصكية وتمكنوا من الأمور وبعد غنة الأمراء الكبار فغضبت. (٢) ب: فارجعوا إليهم فلما اجتمعت العساكر الراجعين من سيس بهم شعثوا على الملك السعيد ووحشوا خواجها الحبس عليه فراسله الجيش في إبعاد الخاصكية عنه فلم يقبل وكان لا يمكنه ذلك هفوة شوكتهم وكثرتهم. (٣) أ: ذوي الاحتلام والنهي إليه كما كان أبوه يفعل فلم يقبل وذلك. (٤) ب: ولم يعبروا. وقد وقعت ب في خلافات من هذا النوع لم أذكر معه إِلَّا ما فيه الفائدة وما اتفقت فيه مع أ. (٥) لم يرد ما بين الحاصرتين في أ. (٦) ب: تتلاقهم. (٧) قبل تفاقمه. (٨) أ: أهله وأولاده وثقله، ب: أهله وثقله. (٩) ب: الذين سبقوا معه فلما اقترب. (١٠) أ: قاصد الديار. (١١) ب: ليسكن الأمر له.

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