ʿAbd al-Malik, son of al-Sulṭān al-Muʿaẓẓam ʿĪsā, son of al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb, passed away at the age of sixty-four. He was a fine man, pure of heart and noble of character, soft-spoken and exceedingly humble. He preferred Arab dress and mounts, enjoyed high standing at court, and was courageous and daring (1). He heard ḥadith from Ibn al-Lattī and granted an ijāza to al-Barzalī.
Al-Barzalī says: It is reported that he was poisoned. Others relate that Sulṭān al-Malik al-Ẓāhir had slipped poison into a cup of qimmiz (fermented mare’s milk) which he handed to him; al-Qāhir drank it, after which the sultan rose to the privy, then returned. The cup-bearer took the cup from al-Qāhir, refilled it, and presented it to al-Malik al-Ẓāhir, the cup-bearer being unaware of what (2) had happened. Allah caused the sultan to forget about that cup, or he supposed it was another one (3), in accordance with the divine will and decree. Much of the poison still remained in the vessel; al-Ẓāhir drank everything in the cup (4) without noticing until he had swallowed it, whereupon his stomach began to ache immediately and he felt burning heat and intense distress.
As for al-Qāhir, he was carried to his house unconscious and died that very night. Al-Malik al-Ẓāhir lay ill for several days until his death on Thursday, after the noon prayer, the twenty-seventh of Muḥarram, in the Qasr al-Ablaq. It was a grievous day for the amirs. The deputy of the sultanate, ʿIzz al-Dīn Aydamur, together with the senior amirs and dignitaries, performed the funeral prayer over him. They placed him in a coffin, bore him from the palace up to the Citadel, and lodged him in one of the Bahriyya quarters until he was transferred to his tomb—which his son later built for him—namely the Dār al-ʿAqīqī opposite the Great ʿAdiliyya, on the night of Friday, the fifth of Rajab of this same year. His death was concealed, so the general populace did not learn of it until the last ten days of Rabīʿ al-Awwal, when the oath of allegiance for his son al-Saʿīd arrived from Egypt. The people grieved for him profoundly and invoked abundant mercy upon him. The bayʿa was renewed in Damascus as well, and a fresh decree confirming the Syrian viceroyalty was issued to ʿIzz al-Dīn Aydamur (5).
Al-Malik al-Ẓāhir was magnanimous and brave, lofty in aspiration, deep in insight, bold and venturesome, and attentive to the affairs of the sultanate. He had compassion (6) for Islam, was adorned with the trappings of sovereignty (7), and was sincerely intent on championing Islam and its people and on upholding the symbols of dominion. His reign (8) lasted from Sunday, the seventeenth of Dhūʾl-Qaʿda in the year 658 AH up to this moment. During that span he achieved many conquests—Caesarea, Arsuf, Jaffa, Shaqīf, Antioch, Baghrās, Tiberias, al-Quṣayr, the Krak des Chevaliers, the fortress of Acre, al-Qurayn, Ṣāfītā, and other formidable strongholds that had been in Frankish hands—and he had not