Chapter: Affirming that Allah Most High is utterly exalted above having any offspring — Exalted far above what the wrongdoers claim.
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The Almighty says at the close of this sūrah:
“And they say, ‘The Most Merciful has taken a son.’ You have indeed advanced a monstrous claim! The very heavens are about to burst, the earth to split apart, and the mountains to crumble in ruin, that they should attribute a son to the Most Merciful. It is not befitting the Most Merciful to take a son. Every one in the heavens and the earth shall come to the Most Merciful only as a servant. He has enumerated them and counted them precisely, and each of them will come to Him on the Day of Resurrection all alone.” (Maryam 88–95)
Thus He makes plain that offspring can in no way be ascribed to Him, for He is the Creator and Owner of all things. Everything is needy of Him, humbled and submissive before Him. All who dwell in the heavens and the earth are His servants; He alone is their Lord—there is no god but He, and no lord besides Him.
He also says:
“They have set up the jinn as partners with Allah, though He created them, and without knowledge they impute to Him sons and daughters. Glorified and Exalted is He above what they describe! Originator of the heavens and the earth—how could He have a child when He has no consort? He created all things, and He is, of everything, All-Knowing. Such is Allah, your Lord; there is no deity but Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him. He is Guardian over all things. Vision does not grasp Him, yet He grasps all vision; and He is the Subtle, the All-Aware.” (al-Anʿām 100–103)
Since He is the Creator of everything, how could He have a child? Offspring exist only between two beings of the same kind, whereas Allah has neither equal nor peer nor counterpart. He has no consort, and therefore no child, as He says:
“Say: He is Allah, One. Allah, the Self-Sufficient. He begets not, nor is He begotten, and there is none comparable to Him.” (al-Ikhlāṣ 1–4)
These verses establish that He is the One and Only—without likeness in His Essence, His attributes, or His acts; “the Self-Sufficient,” the Sovereign whose knowledge, wisdom, mercy, and every attribute are perfect; “He begets not,” meaning no child issues from Him; “nor is He begotten,” meaning He did not originate from anything before Him; “and there is none comparable to Him,” meaning He has no peer, no counterpart, no equal. With the negation of any comparable being, the notion of offspring is likewise negated, for offspring arise only from two similar or matching beings. Far exalted is Allah above such a thing—infinitely exalted!
The Exalted, Holy One also says:
“O People of the Book, do not go to excess in your religion, and say nothing of Allah but the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, His word that He cast unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and do not say, ‘Three.’ Desist— that is better for you. Allah is but one God. Glory be to Him—far exalted is He above having a son! To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth; and Allah is sufficient as a Trustee. The Messiah will never disdain to be a servant of Allah, nor will the angels who are nearest [to Him]. Whoever disdains worshipping Him and is arrogant, He will gather them…” (al-Nisāʾ 171-)