Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

When he reached Damascus he would read hadith after the Friday prayer in the Hanbali portico of the Umayyad Mosque, and the people (1) gathered around him (2). He was tender-hearted and quick to weep, so he found great acceptance among the populace. The Banū al-Zakkī, al-Dawlāʿī, the leading Shafiʿis (3), and some of the Damascene Hanbalis (4) envied him. They brought forward al-Nāṣiḥ the Hanbali (5), who spoke beneath the Dome of the Eagle and was ordered to raise his voice as loudly as possible to drown him out. ʿAbd al-Ghanī therefore moved his session to after ʿAṣr. One day, while seated on the teaching chair, he expounded his creed; the judge Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn al-Zakkī (6) and Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn al-Dawlāʿī stood against him. A council was convened for him in the Citadel (7) on Monday, the twenty-fourth of Dhu al-Qaʿda in 595 AH. They debated with him about the doctrine of ʿuluww (divine elevation), the divine nuzūl (descent), and the question of letter and voice. The discussion became protracted, yet he prevailed over them with proof.

Buzghush, the deputy commander of the Citadel, said to him, “Are all of these people astray and you alone upon the truth?” He replied, “Yes.” Buzghush became angry and ordered him to leave the city. Three days later he departed for Baʿlabakk, and from there to Egypt (8). The millers sheltered him and he taught hadith there, but the Egyptian jurists also rose against him and wrote to the vizier Ṣafī al-Dīn Ibn Shukr, who ordered (9) his exile to the Maghrib. He died, however, before the decree arrived—on Monday, the twenty-third of Rabīʿ al-Awwal of that same year—at the age of fifty-nine (10), and was buried in the Qarāfa cemetery beside Shaykh Abū ʿUmar Ibn Marzūq. May Allah have mercy on them both.

Al-Sibt (11) (12) said: ʿAbd al-Ghanī was devout, ascetic, and worshipful; each day he performed three-hundred rakʿas, following the devotional routine of Imām Aḥmad, stood in prayer at night, and fasted most of the year. He was generous and open-handed, never hoarding anything; he would give charity to widows and orphans where no one could see him. He patched his own clothes, preferring to spend on others the price of a new garment (13). His eyesight had weakened from excessive reading and weeping, and in the science of hadith and memorisation he was the unrivalled scholar of his time.

(1) A and B read 'fayajtamiʿ' (they gather). (2) Printed edition: 'ʿalayhi wa ilayhi' (upon him and unto him). (3) Printed edition: 'wa kibār al-Dimashqa min al-Shāfiʿiyya' (and the leading Shāfiʿīs of Damascus). (4) Not found in the printed edition. (5) He is ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Najm ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb. His biography appears under the events of 634 in this work and also in the notes to al-Rawdatayn (p.164) and al-ʿIbar (vol.5, p.138). (6) His biography was previously given under the events of 598 in this volume. (7) Printed edition: 'wa ʿaqadū lahu majlisān fī al-Qalʿa' (and they held a session for him in the citadel). (8) Printed edition: 'ilā al-Qāhira' (to Cairo). (9) Printed edition: 'fa-aqarra' (and then he approved). (10) Printed edition: 'sabʿ' (seven), which is a scribal error, since he was born in 541. (11) Manuscript A reads: 'wa qāla' (and he said). (12) Mirʾat al-Zamān, vol.8, pp.521–522. (13) Manuscript B reads: 'bithamanihi' (for its price).
فلما ورد دمشق كان يقرأ الحديث بعد صلاة الجمعة برواق الحنابلة من جامع دمشق فاجتمع (١) الناس إِليه (٢) ، وكان رقيق القلب سريع الدمعة، فحصل له قبول من الناس جدًا، فحسده بنو الزكي والدَّولعي وكبار الشافعيه (٣) وبعض الحنابلة الدماشقة (٤) ، وجهزوا الناصح الحنبلي (٥) ، فتكلم تحت قبة النسر، وأمروه أن يجهر بصوته مهما أمكنه حتى يشوش عليه، فحوَّل عبد الغني ميعاده إِلى بعد العصر، فذكر يومًا عقيدته على الكرسي، فثار عليه القاضي محيي الدين بن الزكي (٦) وضياء الدين الدَّولعي، وعقد له مجلس بالقلعة (٧) في يوم الإثنين الرابع والعشرين من ذي القعدة سنة خمس وتسعين، وتكلموا معه في مسألة العلو ومسألة النزول ومسألة الحرف والصوت وطال الكلام وظهر عليهم بالحجة، فقال له بزغش نائب القلعة: كل هؤلاء على الضلالة وأنت على الحق! قال: نعم، فغضب بزغش من ذلك وأمره بالخروج من البلد، فارتحل بعد ثلاث إِلى بعلبك، ثم إِلى الديار المصرية (٨) ، فآواه الطحّانون، فكان يقرأ الحديث بها، فثار عليه الفقهاء بمصر أيضًا، وكتبوا إِلى الوزير صفي الدين بن شكر، فأمر (٩) بنفيه إِلى المغرب، فمات قبل وصول الكتاب يوم الإثنين الثالث والعشرين من ربيع الأول من هذه السنة. وله تسع (١٠) وخمسون سنة * ودفن بالقرافة عند الشيخ أبي عمر بن مرزوق رحمهما الله. قال (١١) السبط (١٢) : كان عبد الغني ورعًا زاهدًا عابدًا يصلي كل يوم ثلاثمئة ركعة كورد الإمام أحمد، ويقوم الليل، ويصوم عامة السنة. وكان كريمًا جوادًا لا يدّخر شيئًا، ويتصدق على الأرامل والأيتام حيث لا يراه أحد، وكان يرقع ثوبه، ويؤثر [بثمن الجديد] (١٣) ، وكان قد ضعف بصره من كثرة المطالعة والبكاء، وكان أوحد زمانه في علم الحديث والحفظ.
(١) أ، ب: فيجتمع. (٢) ط: عليه وإليه. (٣) ط: وكبار الدماشقة من الشافعية. (٤) ليس في ط. (٥) هو عبد الرحمن بن نجم بن عبد الوهاب. سترد ترجمته في حوادث سنة ٦٣٤ من هذا الكتاب، وترجمته أيضًا في ذيل الروضتين (١٦٤) والعبر (٥/ ١٣٨). (٦) تقدمت ترجمته في حوادث سنة ٥٩٨ من هذا الجزء. (٧) ط: وعقدوا له مجلسًا في القلعة. (٨) ط: إِلى القاهرة. (٩) ط: فأقرّ. (١٠) ط: سبع، وهو تصحيف، لأنه ولد سنة ٥٤١. (١١) أ: وقال. (١٢) مرآة الزمان (٨/ ٥٢١ - ٥٢٢). (١٣) ب: بثمنه.

Company

  • About
  • Pricing
  • Why Translate?

Support

  • Contact us
  • Report a bug
  • Support us
  • Donate
  • AI combat arena

Follow us

© 2026 Kutub. All rights reserved.
Terms and conditionsPrivacy policyCookies