—namely, the manna that had been sent down to them during their wandering in the desert.
“The angels will carry it.” That is, the angels will bring the Ark to you, bearing it before your very eyes, so that it will stand as a sign from Allah to you and an unmistakable proof of the truth of my words and of the rightful authority of this righteous king over you. For that reason the verse adds, “Surely in that is a sign for you, if you are true believers.”
It is said that when the Amalekites overpowered the Israelites and seized the Ark—wherein were the Sakīnah and the blessed relics—it also contained the Torah. Once it was in their possession, they placed it beneath an idol in their land. At dawn they found the Ark atop the idol. They put it beneath the idol again, but on the second day it was once more resting above it. After this happened repeatedly, they realized the matter came from Allah, so they removed the Ark from their city and left it in a nearby village. A painful affliction then struck their necks. When the ordeal dragged on, they set the Ark on a cart, harnessed two cows to it, and let them go.
It is said that the angels guided the two cows until they came with the Ark to the assembly of the Children of Israel, while the people looked on—exactly as their prophet had foretold. Allah knows best in what manner the angels brought it. The apparent meaning of the verse is that the angels themselves carried it, and Allah knows best, even though the first account is cited by many, if not most, of the commentators.
“When Saul set out with the troops he said, ‘Allah will test you with a river. Whoever drinks from it has no part with me, but whoever does not taste it is surely of me—except for the one who scoops up a single handful with his hand.’”
Ibn ʿAbbās and many other exegetes said that this river was the Jordan, also called the Shariʿah. By Allah’s command, conveyed through His prophet, Saul told his soldiers at the riverbank that anyone who drank from it that day could not accompany him in the forthcoming expedition; only those who refrained, save for a single handful taken with the hand, might march with him.
Allah says: “They drank from it, all but a few of them.”
Al-Suddi relates that the army numbered eighty thousand; seventy-six thousand drank, leaving four thousand with Saul.
Al-Bukhārī records in his Ṣaḥīḥ—from Israel, Zuhayr, and al-Thawrī, through Abū Isḥāq, from al-Barāʾ ibn ʿĀzib—that he said: “We, the Companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), used to say that the number of those who fought at Badr equaled the number of Saul’s companions who crossed the river with him; only about three hundred and thirteen believers made the crossing.”