imprisoned until his death in the year 338 AH, as will be discussed later together with his biographical entry. ⦗1⦘
The Caliphate of al-Muṭīʿ li-llāh
When Muʿizz al-Dawlah reached Baghdad, arrested al-Mustakfī, and had his eyes put out, he summoned Abū al-Qāsim al-Faḍl ibn al-Muqtadir bi-llāh. Abū al-Qāsim had been in hiding from al-Mustakfī, who had spared no effort to track him down but had failed to seize him. It is said that Abū al-Qāsim had already met Muʿizz al-Dawlah in secret and incited him against al-Mustakfī, leading to the events just described.
Abū al-Qāsim ibn al-Muqtadir was then brought forward and given the oath of allegiance; he received the honorific al-Muṭīʿ li-llāh. The emirs, notables, Muʿizz al-Dawlah himself, and the common people all swore fealty to him. Yet the caliphate’s authority had grown so feeble that the caliph possessed neither command nor prohibition, not even a vizier; he retained only a scribe to manage his personal stipend, while every affair of state—its point of departure and its final return—lay in the hands of Muʿizz al-Dawlah.
This occurred because the Banū Būyah and the Daylamites who supported them inclined strongly toward Shīʿī doctrine ⦗2⦘ and maintained that the Banū al-ʿAbbās had usurped the leadership from the ʿAlids. Muʿizz al-Dawlah even resolved to transfer the caliphate to the ʿAlids and sought advice from his confidants; all urged him to proceed except one, the most clear-sighted among them.
That man said to him, “I do not think this advisable for you.”
“Why not?” asked Muʿizz.
He replied, “This caliph is, in your view and the view of your men, illegitimate; if you order his death, your followers will kill him. But if you appoint an ʿAlid whose authority you all regard as legitimate, then should he command your death, your own followers will carry it out.”
When Muʿizz grasped the point, he abandoned his original plan, ⦗3⦘ doing so for worldly considerations, not for the sake of Allah, Mighty and Exalted.
A war then broke out between Naṣir al-Dawlah ibn Ḥamdān and Muʿizz al-Dawlah ibn Būyah. After Muʿizz al-Dawlah and the caliph al-Muṭīʿ withdrew to ʿUkbarā, Naṣir al-Dawlah mounted and entered Baghdad, seizing first the eastern side of the city and then the western. The fortunes of Muʿizz al-Dawlah and the Daylamites with him waned, but Muʿizz resorted to stratagem and deception until he prevailed and his troops were victorious. They plundered Baghdad and whatever property of merchants and others they could lay hands on, the value of the goods taken by Muʿizz al-Dawlah’s men reaching ten million dinars. Peace was then concluded between Naṣir al-Dawlah and Muʿizz al-Dawlah; Ibn Ḥamdān returned to his city of Mosul, and Muʿizz al-Dawlah remained in the City of Peace, Baghdad.
Muʿizz next began employing swift couriers to convey his news to his brother Rukn al-Dawlah; the common people became enamored of the practice and taught it to their sons, until some men could cover slightly more than thirty farsakhs in a single day.
He also delighted in wrestlers, pugilists, and other performers of these arts that bring but scant benefit. ⦗4⦘