Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

I mourn to You the subtle intimations of every mind—
nothing of them remains but the weather-worn trace of learning.⦗1⦘
I mourn, by Your love, the lofty virtues of a company
whose mounts were the dusky steeds of patient restraint.
All of them have departed, leaving no sign and no relic—
gone like the tribe of ʿĀd, like the lost ones of Iram.
They left behind a people who only imitate their outer garb,
blinder than untamed beasts—indeed, blinder than the grazing herd.⦗2⦘

They relate: when al-Ḥallāj was led out from the house where he had spent the night, on his way to be executed, he recited:
I looked for a place of rest in every land,
yet nowhere on earth did I find repose for me;
I obeyed my longings, and they enslaved me—
had I been content, I would have lived free.⦗3⦘

Some say he uttered these lines when he was brought to the stake on which he would be crucified, though the report just mentioned is the more widely known.

He then walked on,⦗4⦘ swaggering in his gait while thirteen shackles bound his legs, and he began to chant:
My drinking-companion cannot be accused
of any act of injustice;
He served me the draught that one guest
customarily offers another.
When the wine had gone its full round,
He called for the leather cloth and the sword;
Such is the fate of him who quaffs the wine
in the company of the dragon in the heat of summer.⦗5⦘

He then recited, “Those who do not believe in it seek to hasten it, whereas those who believe in it are apprehensive of it and know that it is the truth.” ⦗Q 42:18⦘ After that he spoke no further until what was ordained for him was carried out.⦗6⦘

They say that he was then brought forward and given one thousand lashes; afterwards his hands and feet were severed, yet throughout it all he remained silent, uttering not a single word, and his complexion did not change.⦗7⦘

It is reported that with every lash he kept saying: “Aḥad, Aḥad” (He is One, He is One).⦗8⦘

(1) In al-Sulami’s Tarjamat al-Hallaj (p. 22): ‘al-ʿadam’ (non-existence); in the Diwan (p. 25): ‘al-rahm’ (womb). (2) The couplets appear in the Diwan (pp. 24–25) with some variant readings; they also occur in al-Sulami’s Tarjamat al-Hallaj in al-Usul al-Arbaʿah (pp. 22–23), in Akhbar al-Hallaj (pp. 11–12), and in Ibn Bakawayh’s Bidayat al-Hallaj in al-Usul al-Arbaʿah (p. 34), again with minor variants. (3) The two lines appear in Abu al-ʿAtahiya’s Diwan (p. 141); in the (t) edition a line is inserted between them, namely: “wadaqtu mina al-zaman wa dhaaqa minni … wajadtu madhhaqahu hulwan wa murran” (“I tasted time, and time tasted me … I found its taste sweet and bitter”); this line is not in the Diwan cited above. (4) In the (t) edition: “When they brought him out for crucifixion, he walked toward it with a swagger.” (5) The verses occur in the Diwan al-Hallaj (p. 73) and in Akhbar al-Hallaj (p. 35), with minor variant readings. (6) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 8, p. 132. (7) Text found between two circular marks in the (t) edition. (8) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 8, p. 131.
أنعى إليكَ إشاراتِ العقولِ معًا … لم يبقَ منهنَّ إلَّا دارسُ العَلَمِ (١) أنعى وحُبِّكَ أخلاقًا لطائفةٍ … كانتْ مطاياهمُ من مُكْمدِ الكظمِ مضَى الجميعُ فلا عَيْنٌ ولا أثرٌ … مضيَّ عادٍ وفُقْدانَ الأُلى إرَمِ وخَلَّفوا معشرًا يحذونَ لبستهمْ … أعْمَى من البُهْم بلْ أعمى من النَّعَم (٢) قالوا: ولما أُخرج الحلاج من المنزل الذي بات فيه ليذهب به إلى القتل أنشد: طَلَبْتُ المُسْتقرَّ بكلِّ أرضٍ … فَلَمْ أرَ لي بأَرْضٍ مستقرَّا أطَعْتُ مطامعي فَاسْتَعْبَدتني … وَلَوْ أنِّي قَنِعْتُ لعشتُ حُرَّا (٣) وقيل: إنه قالها حين قُدّم إلى الجذع ليصلب عليه، والمشهور ما ذكرناه. ثم مشى (٤) وهو يتبختر في مشيته، وفي رجليه ثلاثة عشَرَ قيدًا، وجعل ينشد: نديمي غيْرُ مَنْسوبٍ … إلى شيءٍ من الحَيْفِ سَقَاني مِثْلَ ما يَشْرَ … بُ فِعْلَ الضَّيْفِ بالضَّيْفِ فلَمَّا دارتِ الخمرُ … دَعا بالنِّطْعِ والسَّيْفِ كذا منْ يشربُ الرَّاحَ … مَعَ التِّنين في الصَّيْفِ (٥) ثم قال: ﴿يَسْتَعْجِلُ بِهَا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهَا وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مُشْفِقُونَ مِنْهَا وَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهَا الْحَقُّ﴾ [الشورى: ١٨] ، ثم ما نطق بعد ذلك حتى فُعِلَ به ما فعل (٦) . قالوا: ثم قُدَّمَ فَضُرِبَ ألفَ سَوْط، ثم قُطعت يداه ورِجلاه وهو في ذلك [كله] (٧) ساكت لا ينطق بكلمة، ولم يتغيَّر لونه، ويقال: إنه جعل يقول مع كل سَوْط: أحَدٌ أحد (٨) .
(١) في ترجمة الحلاج للسلمي (٢٢) العدم، وفي الديوان (٢٥): الرحم. (٢) الأبيات في الديوان (٢٤ - ٢٥) مع اختلاف في بعض الألفاظ. وأيضًا في ترجمة الحلاج للسلمي في الأصول الأربعة (٢٢ - ٢٣) وأخبار الحلاج (١١ - ١٢) وبداية الحلاج لابن باكويه في الأصول الأربعة (٣٤) مع اختلاف في بعض الألفاظ. (٣) البيتان في ديوان أبي العتاهية (١٤١) وفي (ط) زيادة بيت بينهما، وهو: وذقتُ من الزمان وذاق مني … وجدت مذاقه حلوًا ومُرَّا وهو ليس في الديوان المذكور. (٤) في (ط): فلما أخرجوه للصلب مشى إليه وهو يتبختر. (٥) الأبيات في ديوان الحلاج (٧٣) وأخبار الحلاج (٣٥) مع اختلاف في بعض الألفاظ. (٦) تاريخ بغداد (٨/ ١٣٢). (٧) ما بين حاصرتين من (ط). (٨) تاريخ بغداد (٨/ ١٣١).

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