Account of the prophethood of Yūshaʿ and his assuming the burdens of the Children of Israel after Moses and Aaron, peace be upon them
He is Yūshaʿ son of Nūn, son of Ephraim, son of Joseph, son of Jacob, son of Isaac, son of Abraham the Friend—upon them all be peace. Allah, exalted is He, refers to him in the Qur’an without naming him explicitly in the story of al-Khiḍr, in His words: “And ˹remember˺ when Moses said to his young companion…” and “Then, when they had passed beyond, he said to his young companion….” We have already cited the authentic report transmitted by Ubayy ibn Kaʿb—may Allah be pleased with him—from the Prophet ﷺ confirming that this “young companion” was Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn.
His prophethood is unanimously acknowledged by the People of the Scripture. Indeed, one group among them—the Samaritans—recognize no prophet after Moses save Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn, because he is mentioned explicitly in the Torah; they reject everything that followed, even though it is the truth from their Lord. Upon them be Allah’s far-reaching curses until the Day of Resurrection.
As for the report relayed by Ibn Jarīr and others from Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq—that prophethood was transferred from Moses to Yūshaʿ near the end of Moses’ life, so that Moses would meet Yūshaʿ and ask him about the latest commands and prohibitions revealed by Allah, until Yūshaʿ said to him, “O Speaker with Allah, I never used to ask you about what Allah revealed to you until you yourself informed me of your own accord,” and that, because of this, Moses came to dislike life and prefer death—this narration is open to question.
Moses, peace be upon him, never ceased receiving commands, revelation, legislation, and direct speech from Allah in every circumstance until Allah took him. He remained honored, ennobled, cherished, and distinguished before his Lord, as we have already mentioned in the sound ḥadīth of his gouging out the eye of the Angel of Death. Allah then sent the angel back to him, saying, “If he wishes to live, let him place his hand on the hide of a bull; for every hair his hand covers he will be granted one year of life.” Moses asked, “And after that?” The angel replied, “Death.” Moses said, “Then let it be now, my Lord.” He asked Allah to bring him near Jerusalem by the distance of a stone’s throw, and this request was granted—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him.
Therefore, if Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq’s statement is indeed taken from the writings of the People of the Scripture, then even in the book they call the Torah it is stated that revelation continued to descend upon Moses whenever they required it until the very end of his life, as is evident from their narrative concerning the Ark of the Covenant in the Tabernacle of Meeting.