Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

—what exactly amazes you? Is it his courage, or the fact that he made nothing of it and never breathed a word of it to anyone? Or are you astonished that he did not reproach me when I spared myself for fear of the lion? By Allah, he never took me to task for that at all (1).

Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir (2) reports, on the authority of Abū al-Ḥusayn al-Nūrī, that he once passed by a small boat carrying casks of wine and a boatman. He asked, “What is this, and whose is it?” The man replied, “It is wine for al-Muʿtaḍid.” Abū al-Ḥusayn boarded the vessel, took the staff that was in his hand, and began smashing the barrels one after another until he had broken them all save a single cask, which he left intact. The boatman shouted for help; the police arrived, seized Abū al-Ḥusayn, and brought him before al-Muʿtaḍid.

The Caliph said to him, “What are you (3)?”

He answered, “I am a muḥtasib (one who enjoins right and forbids wrong).”

The Caliph asked, “And who appointed you to the office of ḥisbah?”

He replied, “The One Who appointed you to the caliphate appointed me to the ḥisbah, O Commander of the Faithful.” Al-Muʿtaḍid lowered his head for a while, then raised it and said, “What moved you to do what you did?”

He said, “Compassion for you, in order to ward off harm from you.”

The Caliph bowed his head again, then lifted it and asked, “Why did you leave one cask untouched?”

He replied, “I set upon them and smashed them out of reverence for the majesty of Allah, paying no heed to anyone until I reached this barrel. Then self-admiration crept into my soul because I had dared to act against someone like you, so I left it.”

Al-Muʿtaḍid said, “Go; I have set your hand free. Eliminate whatever evil you wish to eliminate.”

Al-Nūrī responded, “Now I will refrain (5) from taking action.”

The Caliph asked, “Why?”

He said, “Because before, I acted for Allah’s sake; now I would be acting for the sake of your police.”

The Caliph said, “Ask for what you desire.”

He answered, “I only wish to leave your presence in peace.” So the Caliph ordered that he be released. He went to Basra and stayed there in concealment, fearing that someone might burden him with a request because of his standing with al-Muʿtaḍid. When al-Muʿtaḍid died, he returned to Baghdad.

Qāḍī Abū al-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Hāshimī narrated, on the authority of an elderly merchant, who said:

“I was owed a large sum of money by one of the amirs. He kept procrastinating and refusing to pay me my due. Whenever I came to demand it, he barred me from entering and ordered his servants to mistreat me. I complained to the vizier, but that produced no result; I appealed to the authorities, but he ignored them. My efforts only increased his obstinacy and denial. Someone then directed me (6) to a certain tailor who served as the imam of a nearby mosque. I sought him out, and he rose and went with me. The moment the amir caught sight of him …”

(1) Al-Muntaẓam (vol. 5, p. 129); Siyar A‘lam an-Nubala’ (vol. 13, p. 466). (2) His biographical entry is missing in the manuscript. (3) In manuscript A: “Min anta” (“Who are you?”). (4) In manuscript B: “Faḥazintu ‘alā nafsī kathīran annī qad aqdamtu” (“I was greatly distressed at having taken this step”). (5) In manuscript Ṭ: “Intaqaḍa ‘azmī ‘an at-taghyīr” (“My resolve to make a change faltered”). (6) In manuscript Ṭ: “I despaired of recovering the money he owed me and was seized by anxiety about him. While I was thus perplexed and unsure whom to appeal to, a man said to me, ‘Why not go to a certain tailor, the imam of a nearby mosque?’ I replied, ‘What can a tailor do against this oppressor when even the state’s dignitaries have done nothing?’ He said, ‘He is more decisive and more feared by your oppressor than all those you have already complained to—go to him; perhaps you will find relief.’ So I went to him without a formal appointment, related my need, the debt owed me, and all I had suffered from this tyrant. He accompanied me to the presence of the amir. As soon as the amir saw him, he rose, honored him, and hastened to settle the debt. He paid me in full, and the tailor needed no great influence with the amir beyond saying, ‘Pay this man his due, or I will grant permission [to enforce it].’ The amir’s countenance changed, and he promptly paid me what was owed. The merchant said, ‘I was astonished by that tailor…’.”
من أي شيء أعجب؟ أمن شجاعته أم من عدم احتفاله بذلك حيث لم يذكره لأحد؟ أم من عدم عَتْبه عليَّ حيث ضننت بنفسي عنه؟ واللّه ما عاتبني في ذلك قطُّ (١) . وروى الحافظ ابن عساكر (٢) عن أبي الحسين النوري أنه اجتاز بزورق فيه خمر مع ملاح، فقال: ما هذه؟ ولمن هذه؟ فقال له: هذه خمر للمعتضد. فصعد أبو الحسين إليها، فجعل يضرب الدِّنان بعمود في يده حتى كسرها كلَّها سوى واحدٍ تركه، واستغاث الملاح، فجاءت الشُّرَط فأخذوه، فأوقفوه بين يدي المعتضد، فقال له: ما أنت (٣) ؟ فقال: أنا محتسب. فقال: ومن ولَّاك الحِسْبة؟ فقال: الذي ولَّاك الإمامة ولَّاني الحِسبة يا أمير المؤمنين. فأطرق رأسه ثم رفعه، فقال: ما الذي حملك على ما فعلتَ؟ قال: شفقة عليك؛ لدفع الضرر عنك. فأطرق رأسه ثم رفعه فقال: ولم تركت من الدِّنان واحدًا؟ فقال: إني أقدمت عليها فكسرتها إجلالًا لعظمة الله، ولم أبال أحدًا من الناس حتى انتهيت إلى هذا الدَّنِّ، دخل نفسي إعجاب من قبيل أني أقدمت (٤) على مثلك، فتركته، فقال له المعتضد: اذهب، فقد أطلقت يدك، فغيِّر ما أحببت أن تغيِّرَه من المنكر. فقال له النوري: الآن نقمن (٥) التغيير، فقال: ولمَ؟ قال: لأني كنت أغيِّر عن الله، وأنا الآن أغيَّر عن شرطي. فقال: سَل حاجتك. فقال: أحبُّ أن تخرجني من بين يديك سألمًا. فأمر به فأخرج، فصار إلى البصرة، فأقام بها مختفيًا خشية أن يشقَّ عليه أحدٌ في حاجةٍ عند المعتضد. فلمَّا توفي المعتضد رجع إلى بغداد. وذكر القاضي أبو الحسن محمد بن عبد الواحد الهاشمي، عن شيخ من التجار، قال: كان لي على بعض الأمراء مال كثير، فماطلني ومنعني حقي، وجعل كلَّما جاء ليطالبه حجبه عنه ويأمر غلمانه يؤذونه، فاستعدى عليه إلى الوزير، فلم يفد فيه شيئًا، وإلى أولياء الأمر، فلم يقطع عنده، وما زاده ذلك إِلَّا منعًا وجحودًا، فدلَّ (٦) ذلك الرجل على رجل خياط أمام مسجدٍ هناك، فقصده، فقام معه، فحين عاينه
(١) المنتظم (٥/ ١٢٩)، سير أعلام النبلاء (١٣/ ٤٦٦). (٢) سقطت ترجمته من المخطوط. (٣) في آ: من أنت. (٤) في ب: فحزنت على نفسي كثيرًا أني قد أقدمت. (٥) في ط: انتقض عزمي عن التغيير. (٦) في ط: فأيست من المال الذي عليه، ودخلني هم من جهته، فبينما أنا كذلك وأنا حائر إلى من أشتكي، إذ قال لي رجل: ألا تأتي فلانًا الخياط، إمام مسجد هناك؟ فقلت: وما عسى أن يصنع خياط مع هذا الظالم، وأعيان الدولة لم يقطعوا فيه؟ فقال لي: هو أقطع وأخوف عنده من جميع من اشتكيت إليه، فاذهب إليه لعلك أن تجد عنده فرجًا. قال: فقصدته غير محتفل في أمره، فذكرت له حاجتي ومالي وما لقيت من هذا الظالم، فقام معي، فحين عاينه الأمير، قام إليه وأكرمه واحترمه وبادر إلى قضاء حقي الذي عليه، فأعطانيه كاملًا من غير أن يكون منه إلى الأمير كبير أمر، غير أنه قال له: ادفع إلى هذا الرجل حقه وإلا أذّنت، فتغيّر لون الأمير ودفع إليَّ حقي. قال التاجر: فعجبت من ذلك الخياط ..

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