—what exactly amazes you? Is it his courage, or the fact that he made nothing of it and never breathed a word of it to anyone? Or are you astonished that he did not reproach me when I spared myself for fear of the lion? By Allah, he never took me to task for that at all (1).
Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir (2) reports, on the authority of Abū al-Ḥusayn al-Nūrī, that he once passed by a small boat carrying casks of wine and a boatman. He asked, “What is this, and whose is it?” The man replied, “It is wine for al-Muʿtaḍid.” Abū al-Ḥusayn boarded the vessel, took the staff that was in his hand, and began smashing the barrels one after another until he had broken them all save a single cask, which he left intact. The boatman shouted for help; the police arrived, seized Abū al-Ḥusayn, and brought him before al-Muʿtaḍid.
The Caliph said to him, “What are you (3)?”
He answered, “I am a muḥtasib (one who enjoins right and forbids wrong).”
The Caliph asked, “And who appointed you to the office of ḥisbah?”
He replied, “The One Who appointed you to the caliphate appointed me to the ḥisbah, O Commander of the Faithful.” Al-Muʿtaḍid lowered his head for a while, then raised it and said, “What moved you to do what you did?”
He said, “Compassion for you, in order to ward off harm from you.”
The Caliph bowed his head again, then lifted it and asked, “Why did you leave one cask untouched?”
He replied, “I set upon them and smashed them out of reverence for the majesty of Allah, paying no heed to anyone until I reached this barrel. Then self-admiration crept into my soul because I had dared to act against someone like you, so I left it.”
Al-Muʿtaḍid said, “Go; I have set your hand free. Eliminate whatever evil you wish to eliminate.”
Al-Nūrī responded, “Now I will refrain (5) from taking action.”
The Caliph asked, “Why?”
He said, “Because before, I acted for Allah’s sake; now I would be acting for the sake of your police.”
The Caliph said, “Ask for what you desire.”
He answered, “I only wish to leave your presence in peace.” So the Caliph ordered that he be released. He went to Basra and stayed there in concealment, fearing that someone might burden him with a request because of his standing with al-Muʿtaḍid. When al-Muʿtaḍid died, he returned to Baghdad.
Qāḍī Abū al-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Hāshimī narrated, on the authority of an elderly merchant, who said:
“I was owed a large sum of money by one of the amirs. He kept procrastinating and refusing to pay me my due. Whenever I came to demand it, he barred me from entering and ordered his servants to mistreat me. I complained to the vizier, but that produced no result; I appealed to the authorities, but he ignored them. My efforts only increased his obstinacy and denial. Someone then directed me (6) to a certain tailor who served as the imam of a nearby mosque. I sought him out, and he rose and went with me. The moment the amir caught sight of him …”