in the eyes of the common people. The populace and the rabble gathered at Ibn Ṭāhir’s residence, where the caliph was staying, and demanded that the caliph come out so they might see him⦗1⦘ and ask whether he was pleased with Ibn Ṭāhir or not. The din and shouting continued until the caliph appeared above them on an elevated platform, clad in black, the Prophetic mantle upon his shoulders and the staff in his hand.
He addressed them, saying, “I adjure you, by the right of the one to whom this mantle and staff belong, return to your homes and be content with Ibn Ṭāhir, for he is above suspicion in my sight.” The rabble fell silent and withdrew to their dwellings.
Soon after, the caliph moved from Ibn Ṭāhir’s house to the residence of Rizq the chamberlain at the beginning of Dhu al-Ḥijjah, and on the Day of Sacrifice he led the ʿEid prayer on the island opposite Ibn Ṭāhir’s residence. That day he came out to the people with a spear borne before him, the mantle upon him and the staff in his hand. It was a memorable day in Baghdad, despite the siege and the soaring prices that spoke of the people’s hunger and fear. We ask Allah for well-being in this world and the next.
When matters worsened, hardship intensified, avenues narrowed, men grew exhausted and dependents went hungry, Ibn Ṭāhir began to reveal what he had long concealed—the deposition of al-Mustaʿin. First he hinted at it, then laid it plainly before him and debated the issue,
saying, “Expediency requires that you relinquish the caliphate⦗2⦘ in return for a sum paid to you immediately and in advance, with an annual share of the land tax granted to you as you choose and need.” He kept pressing him relentlessly⦗3⦘ until al-Mustaʿin agreed and submitted. A document was then drawn up recording the conditions al-Mustaʿin stipulated for his own abdication.
On Saturday, with ten days remaining of Dhu al-Ḥijjah, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn Ṭāhir rode to al-Ruṣāfah, gathered the judges and jurists, ushered them in to al-Mustaʿin group after group, and had them testify that he had transferred his authority to Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn Ṭāhir; the same was done with the chamberlains and servants. He then received from him the insignia of the caliphate and remained with al-Mustaʿin until a little before nightfall⦗4⦘. By morning the people were abuzz⦗5⦘, trading every sort of rumor.
As for Ibn Ṭāhir, he dispatched the document with a party of commanders to al-Muʿtazz in Sāmarrāʾ; when they reached him with it