Ahmad said:
I heard from them statements I would never have imagined anyone could utter. Barghuth (1) spoke with me at great length, bringing up “the body” and other matters that served no purpose. I replied, “I do not understand what you are saying; all I know is that Allah is One, the Self-Sufficient, and that nothing resembles Him.” He fell silent.
I then cited for them the hadith on the Beatific Vision (2) in the Hereafter. They tried to weaken its chain of transmission and to patch together remarks from certain hadith scholars so they could use them as a ladder to impugn it. But how impossible that was: “But how can they reach it from so far away?” (3) [Qur’an 34:52].
Amidst (4) all this, the caliph kept speaking gently to me, saying, “Ahmad, concede on this point and I shall make you one of my intimates, among those who tread upon my carpet.” I would answer, “Commander of the Faithful, let them bring me (5) an ayah from the Book of Allah or a sunnah from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I will comply.”
When they rejected the use of transmitted reports as proof, Ahmad argued against them with Allah’s words, quoting Abraham: “My father! Why do you worship what neither hears nor sees nor can benefit you in any way?” [Qur’an 19:42]; with His words: “And Allah spoke to Moses directly” [Qur’an 4:164]; with His words: “Indeed, I am Allah; there is no god but Me, so worship Me” [Qur’an 20:14]; with His words: “Our only word to a thing, when We intend it, is that We say to it ‘Be,’ and it is” [Qur’an 16:40]; and with many other verses besides.
When they could produce no argument against him, they resorted to the caliph’s authority, saying, “Commander of the Faithful, this man is a disbeliever, misguided and misleading.” Ishaq ibn Ibrahim, the deputy of Baghdad, said, “Commander of the Faithful! It is not sound policy for the caliphate to let him go after he has bested two caliphs.” At that the caliph (6) flared in anger—though he had been the mildest of them in temperament—thinking they had something of substance.
Ahmad said: He then turned to me and declared, “May Allah curse you! I had hoped you would agree with me.” Then he ordered, “Seize him, strip him, drag him.”
So I was seized and dragged away; the two executioners’ clubs (7) and the whips were brought before my eyes. I had with me a strand of the Prophet’s ﷺ hair, tied inside my garment; they stripped it from me, and I stood between the two clubs. I said: