Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Death has ever been the constant lot of his loved ones, while the very sight of him is still my daily affliction. (1)

Ibn al-Aʿrābī said:
“The most consummate poet of all is Abu Nuwas, as in his words:

I wrapped myself against the age beneath the shadow of its wing;
my eye beholds the age, yet the age does not behold me.

Were you to ask the days about me, they would not know;
and if you inquired where I dwell, they would know nothing of my place.” (2)

Abu al-ʿAtāhiyah said:
“I have composed twenty thousand lines on zuhd (ascetic renunciation), yet I would gladly trade them all for the three verses Abu Nuwas wrote.” Those verses, engraved upon his grave, read:

O Nuwasi, show reverence—or change—or bear with patience.
If an age has saddened you, it has delighted you far more.
O you of many sins, Allah’s pardon is greater than your sin. (3)

Among Abu Nuwas’s panegyrics for one of the princes are the lines:

Allah brought him into being, and none searching or inquiring could find his like;
and it is no marvel for Allah to gather the whole world in a single man. (4)

They also recited to Sufyan ibn ʿUyaynah these verses of Abu Nuwas:

No passion exists without a cause—
from that cause it begins and from it branches out.

A veiled maiden has bewitched my heart;
her face is masked in sheer beauty.

She adorned herself, and Beauty, standing before her, chose and selected what to give;
so she wore its rarest marvels and even reclaimed some of what it grants.

If I were to return to that once more for her sake, no other motive would restrain her.

What I once treated as jest has turned to earnest;
many a grave matter has been drawn forth by play. (5)

Ibn ʿUyaynah remarked, “I believe in the One who created her.”

(1) The lines are found in the Diwan of Abu Nuwas, p. 53, in similar wording. (2) The two verses are in the Diwan of Abu Nuwas, p. 650. (3) The lines are in the Diwan of Abu Nuwas, p. 348, and in Ibn Asakir’s History (Tarikh), vol. 13: 459–460, which includes an additional verse: "Akthar al-ʿiṣyān lillāh fī aṣ-ṣughar… ʿafw Allāh yasghar." (4) The two verses come from a poem in the Diwan of Abu Nuwas, p. 218. (5) The lines are in the Diwan of Abu Nuwas, p. 51.
لا زالَ مَوْتًا دَأْبُ أحبابِهِ … ولم تَزَلْ رُؤْيَتُهُ دابي (١) قال ابنُ الأعرابي: أشعَرُ الناسِ أبو نُوَاس في قوله: تغَطَّيْتُ من دَهْري بظِلِّ جناحِهِ … فعيني تَرَى دهري وليس يَرَاني فلو تسألُ الأيامَ عنِّىَ ما دَرَتْ … وأين مكاني ما عَرَفْنَ مكاني (٢) وقال أبو العتاهية: قلتُ في الزُّهْد عشرينَ ألفَ بيت، وَدِدْتُ أنَّ لي مكانَها الأبياتَ الثلاثةَ التي قالها أبو نُوَاس، وهي هذه، وكانتْ مكتوبةً على قبرِه: يا نُوَاسِيُّ تَوَقَّرْ … أو تَغَيَّرْ أو تَصَبَّرْ إنْ يَكُنْ ساءَكَ دَهرٌ … فلَمَا سَرَّكَ أكْثَرْ يا كثيرَ الذَّنْبِ عَفْوُ اللَّهِ … من ذَنْبِكَ أَكْبَرْ (٣) ومن شعرِ أبي نُوَاس يَمدَحُ بعضَ الأمراء: أوجَدَهُ اللَّهُ فما مِثْلُهُ … لطالِبِ ذاكَ ولا ناشِدِ وليس للَّهِ بِمُسْتَنْكَرٍ … أنْ يَجمعَ العالَمَ في واحِدِ (٤) وأنشدوا لسفيانَ بنِ عُيينة قولَ أبي نواس: ما هَوَى إلَّا له سَبَبُ … يبْتَدي منهُ ويَنْشَعِبُ فتَنَتْ قلبي مُحجَّبَة … وجْهُها بالحُسْنِ مُنْتَقِبُ حَلِيَتْ والحُسْنُ تأخذُهُ … تنْتَقي منه وتَنْتَخِبُ فاكتسَتْ منهُ طرائفَهُ … واسترَدَّتْ بعضَ ما تَهَبُ فَهْيَ لو صَيَّرْتُ فيه لَهَا … عوْدةً لم يَثْنِها أرَبُ صار جِدًّا ما مَزَحْتُ بِهِ … ربَّ جِدٍّ جَرَّهُ اللَّعِبُ (٥) فقال ابنُ عُيينة: آمنتُ بالذي خلَقَها.
(١) الأبيات في ديوان أبي نواس ص (٥٣) بألفاظ مقاربة. (٢) البيتان في ديوان أبي نواس ص (٦٥٠). (٣) الأبيات في ديوان أبي نواس ص (٣٤٨). وهي في تاريخ ابن عساكر (١٣/ ٤٥٩، ٤٦٠)، وفيه زيادة بيت وهو: أكثرُ العصيانِ للَّه في أصْـ … ـغَرِ عفوِ اللَّه يَصْغَرْ (٤) البيتان من قصيدة في ديوان أبي نواس ص (٢١٨). (٥) الأبيات في ديوان أبي نواس ص (٥١).

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