Then came the year 128 AH.
During this year al-Ḥārith ibn Surayj was killed. The reason was that Yazīd ibn al-Walīd—known as al-Nāqiṣ—had written him a letter of safe-conduct, enabling him to leave the land of the Turks, return to the Muslims, and abandon his alliance with the idol-worshippers in order to champion Islam and its people. Yet estrangement and numerous rivalries—too many to recount—arose between him and Naṣr ibn Sayyār, the governor of Khurāsān. When the caliphate passed to Marwān ibn Muḥammad, al-Ḥārith took alarm. Ibn Hubayrah assumed the governorship of Iraq, the oath of allegiance was tendered to Marwān, but al-Ḥārith refused it and spoke out against him. Maslamah ibn Aḥwaz, the chief of police, together with a number of leading commanders and officers, came to him and asked him to restrain both tongue and hand and not split the Muslim community. He refused, withdrew to a spot apart from the people, and summoned Naṣr ibn Sayyār to join him in his call to the Book and the Sunnah. Naṣr declined, so al-Ḥārith persisted in his rebellion. He instructed Jahm ibn Ṣafwān—the client of the Banū Rāsib, nicknamed Abū Muḥriz and the man after whom the Jahmiyyah sect is named—to read before the people a document recounting al-Ḥārith’s career.
Al-Ḥārith used to declare, “I am the bearer of the black banners.” Naṣr sent back word: “If you are that man, then by my life, it is you who will tear down the wall of Damascus and depose the Banū Umayyah. Take from me five hundred heads, two hundred camels, and whatever wealth you desire; but if it is something else you seek, you will have destroyed your own clan.” Al-Ḥārith replied, “By my life, this will indeed come to pass.” Naṣr responded, “Then start with al-Kirmānī first; afterwards march to Rayy, and once you reach it I shall obey you.”
Naṣr and al-Ḥārith subsequently debated and agreed to submit their dispute to the arbitration of Muqātil ibn Ḥayyān and Jahm ibn Ṣafwān. The two arbiters ruled that Naṣr be removed from office and that the matter be decided by shūrā (consultation). Naṣr refused to accept the verdict. Jahm ibn Ṣafwān and others therefore persisted in reading al-Ḥārith’s biography aloud to the people in the congregational mosque and in the streets, and a great multitude responded and rallied to him.
At that point, on Naṣr ibn Sayyār’s orders, detachments of troops set out to fight al-Ḥārith. They advanced against him, and his companions fought stubbornly (1) in his defence; many of them were killed, among them Jahm ibn Ṣafwān, whom a man stabbed in the mouth and killed.
The Death of Jahm ibn Ṣafwān
It is also said that Jahm was taken prisoner, brought before Salm ibn Aḥwaz, and that the latter ordered him executed. Jahm protested, “I hold a guarantee of safety from your father.” Salm retorted, “He had no right to grant you safety, and even if he had, I would not spare you—even if you filled this cloak with stars and brought down Jesus son of…"