The Caliphate of Yazid ibn al-Walid ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwan (1)
He was given the epithet “al-Nāqiṣ” (the Diminisher) because he cut back the people’s stipends by the amount that al-Walid ibn Yazid had added to them—ten dirhams apiece—and restored them to the scale that had prevailed in the time of Hisham.
It is said that the first to call him by this nickname was Marwan ibn Muhammad.
He received the oath of allegiance as caliph after the slaying of al-Walid ibn Yazid, on the night of Friday, two nights remaining of Jumada al-Akhirah of this year—that is, 126 AH.
Before then he had been known for uprightness and piety. The very first measure he enacted was to deduct from the soldiers’ pay the ten dirhams per year that al-Walid had granted them; hence he was called “the Diminisher.”
A proverb says: “Al-Ashajj and al-Nāqiṣ were the most just (2) of the Marwanid caliphs,” meaning ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAziz and Yazid ibn al-Walid. Yet his days were few, for he died at the close of that same year; matters became unsettled, turmoil spread, and the unity of the Marwanid house was shattered.
Sulayman ibn Hisham, who had been held in al-Walid’s prison in ʿUman, broke free, seized its wealth and provisions, and came to Damascus. There he cursed al-Walid, denounced him, and branded him an unbeliever. Yazid honored him, returned to him the property that al-Walid had confiscated, and married Sulayman’s sister, Umm Hisham bint Hisham.
The people of Homs then rose up against the residence of al-ʿAbbas ibn al-Walid that stood among them: they demolished it, imprisoned his family and sons, while he himself escaped from Homs and joined Yazid ibn al-Walid in Damascus. The folk of Homs publicly demanded vengeance for the blood of al-Walid ibn Yazid. They shut the city gates, set up mourning gatherings for al-Walid, and wrote to the provincial troops calling them to seek retribution. A great number responded on the condition that al-Hakam ibn al-Walid ibn Yazid—whose covenant of succession had already been taken—should be caliph. They deposed their governor, Marwan ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwan, then killed him and his son. They appointed over themselves Muʿawiyah ibn