and the whisperings of the chest (waswās al-ṣudūr), the glance of the eyes, the listening of the ears, and that against which one is powerless (see Hilyat al-Awliyā’ 8/241; Sifat al-Ṣafwa 4/263; Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn 2/183). Some of what is narrated in this report was written by Yūsuf ibn Asbāṭ to Ḥuḍhayfa al-Mar‘ashī. Ibn Qutayba also related (as in the Ḳ; and the one he narrates from al-Ḥasan, as in al-Ḥilya 2/150–151, is Fuḍayl ibn Ja‘far). In a version recorded by Ibn al-Jawzī in Sifat al-Ṣafwa (2/236), it is narrated by Abū Hammām al-Kilā‘ī. He said: One day he passed by the door of Ibn Hubaira and saw the reciters—who were the jurists—sitting there. He exclaimed: “You have loosened your sandals, whitened your clothes, and yet you go clamoring at their doors?!” Then he said to his companions, “What do you make of these shoed ones? Their gatherings are not those of the pious but rather assemblies of the watchmen.” This is reported by Abū Nu‘aym in al-Ḥilya (2/150–151) and by Ibn al-Jawzī in Sifat al-Ṣafwa (3/236). Al-Kharā’itī narrated from al-Ḥasan that whenever he bought something and the price included a flawed coin, he would make up the difference for the seller. Once al-Ḥasan passed a group discussing “a danīq has been reduced”—meaning a danīq less than a full dirham or dinar. If a dirham were short by half or a quarter, ten would become nine and a half, and so on. Al-Ḥasan would choose to compensate for these shortages. Even if he bought a commodity with a dirham lacking one danīq, he would complete it to a full dirham, or if it were nine and a half, he would restore it to ten, out of generosity and nobility. Abd al-A‘lā al-Simsār reported that al-Ḥasan said: “O Abd al-A‘lā, does any of you sell a garment to his brother and deduct two or three dirhams?” I replied, “By God, not even one danīq.” He said, “Those are noble manners—then what remains of nobility?” He used to say, “There is no religion without nobility.” Once he sold a mule and the buyer asked, “Will you reduce something for me, Abu Sa‘īd?” He offered “fifty dirhams—shall I add more?” The buyer replied, “No, that is enough.” He said, “May God bless you.” Ibn Abī Dunyā narrated from Ḥamza al-A‘mā that his mother took him to al-Ḥasan and said, “O Abu Sa‘īd, I wish my son would attach himself to you; perhaps God may benefit him through you.” He said: I used to visit him, and one day he told me, “O my son, maintain sorrow for the sake of the Hereafter; perhaps it will bring you to it. Weep by night and day in seclusion; perhaps your Lord will behold you, have mercy on your tears, and you will be among the successful.” He added: I would enter al-Ḥasan’s house to find him weeping. Sometimes I would find him at prayer, hearing his sobs and lamentation. I once said, “You weep so much!” He replied, “O my son, what should the believer do if he does not weep? O my son, tears call forth mercy. If you could spend your life weeping, do so—perhaps the Most High will have mercy on you, and you will be saved from the Fire.” He said, “Life is but a transient dwelling: either Paradise or the Fire—there is no third abode.” He also said, “It has reached us that the one who weeps out of fear of God does not shed a single drop of tears until his neck is freed from the Fire.” And he said, “If one wept for God’s fear before a crowd, they would all have mercy on him. No deed carries more weight than tears shed out of fear of God.” He further remarked, “No servant weeps except that his heart testifies to his sincerity or his hypocrisy.” In his book al-Yaqīn, Ibn Abī Dunyā reported from al-Ḥasan: “Among the signs of the believer are strength in religion, firmness in gentleness, faith in certainty, wisdom in knowledge, restraint in kindness, giving in due rights, moderation in wealth, endurance in poverty, excellence in ability, obedience accompanied by sincere counsel, caution in desire, self-discipline, patience in hardship without being overcome by desire, nor let down by his tongue, nor overtaken by his sight, nor subdued by his private parts, nor swayed by his whims, nor exposed by his speech, nor belittled by his greed, nor faltering in his intention.” He recorded these words verbatim. He said: “‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Ṣāliḥ narrated to us from al-Ḥakam ibn Ẓāhir from Yaḥyā ibn al-Mukhtār from al-Ḥasan...” (see Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn 3/166). He also said to a man, “O son of Adam, one weakness of your certainty is that you trust what is in your hand more than what is in the hand of God.”