Then al-Walid ordered the demolition equipment to be brought, and the governors and leading dignitaries gathered around him. The bishops and priests of the Christians came forward and said, “O Commander of the Faithful, we read in our book that whoever demolishes this church will be struck with madness. ⦗1⦘”
Al-Walid replied, “I would gladly go mad for the sake of Allah—Exalted is He—and, by Allah, no one shall tear it down before I do.” He then climbed the eastern minaret with its many faceted sides, the one known for its clocks. It was an enormous tower in which one of their monks resided. Al-Walid ordered the monk to come down; the monk objected strongly, so al-Walid seized him by the nape of the neck and kept pushing until he brought him down.
Next al-Walid ascended to the highest point in the church, above its largest altar, which they call “the Witness.” Gathering up the skirts of his cloak—which was a bright quince-yellow—he tucked them into his belt ⦗2⦘, took an axe in his hand, and struck the uppermost stone, hurling it to the ground. The emirs immediately rushed to the demolition; the Muslims proclaimed the takbir three times, while the Christians wailed on the steps of Jirun where they had assembled. Al-Walid ordered the chief of police, Abū Nāʾil Riyāḥ al-Ghassānī, to beat them until they dispersed, and he did so. He also instructed his revenue deputy, Yazīd ibn Tamīm ibn Ḥajar al-Sulamī, to summon the Jews to help dismantle the church; they came and served as laborers. This was recorded by the ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir ⦗3⦘ in the biography of this same Yazīd ibn Tamīm ⦗4⦘.
Al-Walid and the emirs demolished everything the Christians had added within the quadrangle of that sanctuary—altars, structures, and vaulted niches—until the site became an open, square courtyard. He then began to rebuild it with an excellent design in the graceful and elegant style whose like had never been renowned before, as we shall later describe.
Al-Walid employed a vast number of craftsmen, architects, and laborers to construct the mosque. Urging him on most keenly was his brother—and designated heir—Sulayman ibn ʿAbd al-Malik. It is said that al-Walid wrote to the Byzantine emperor requesting artisans skilled in marble and other crafts to build the mosque as he desired, threatening that if he refused, he would march upon his lands with armies and demolish every church there—including the Church of Jerusalem, the Church of Edessa, and all other Byzantine monuments. The emperor therefore sent him a very large contingent of artisans—two hundred in all—and wrote to him saying: “If your father understood what you are doing and left it undone, it is a disgrace to you; but if he did not understand it and you do, then it is a disgrace to him.”
When that letter reached al-Walid, he wished to reply. People gathered around him for that purpose, and among them was the poet al-Farazdaq. Al-Farazdaq said, “O Commander of the Faithful, I shall answer him with a verse from the Book of Allah.”
Al-Walid asked, “And what is that, woe to you?” He replied: “Allah the Exalted said: ‘So We granted Solomon understanding of it, and to each of them We gave judgment and knowledge’ [al-Anbiyaʾ 21:79]. Solomon was the son of David, and Allah granted him understanding that He had not granted his father.”