will be ʿAbd Allah ibn Dumrah al-Fazari (1), commander of the right wing; should he be killed, Saʿr ibn Abi Saʿr (2) will command the left, and Warqāʾ ibn ʿĀzib (3) al-Asadi will lead the cavalry. These, together with Yazīd himself, were the four divisional commanders.
All this took place at daybreak on the Day of ʿArafah in 66 AH. The fighting between them and the Syrians was furious; both armies’ right and left flanks were thrown into disorder. Then Warqāʾ charged with the cavalry, routed it, the Syrians fled, and their commander Rabīʿah ibn Mukhāriq was killed. Al-Mukhtār’s troops seized everything in the Syrian camp.
The fugitives met the other Syrian commander, ʿAbd Allah ibn Ḥamlah (4), who asked, “What has happened?” When they told him, he turned back and marched with them toward Yazīd ibn Anas, reaching his lines at nightfall. The two forces camped opposite one another; at dawn—on the Day of Sacrifice, 10 Dhuʾl-Ḥijjah 66 AH—they formed their ranks. Once more a fierce battle broke out. Al-Mukhtār’s army routed [the Syrian army] again, killed their commander ʿAbd Allah ibn Ḥamlah, took everything in their camp, and captured 300 prisoners. The captives were brought to Yazīd ibn Anas, who was on the point of death; he ordered them beheaded.
Yazīd ibn Anas died that very day. His lieutenant Warqāʾ ibn ʿĀzib led the funeral prayer for him and buried him. Yazīd’s men were bewildered and began slipping away, making for Kūfah. Warqāʾ said to them:
“O people, what do you think? I have heard that Ibn Ziyād is advancing from Syria with eighty thousand men, and you have no strength to face them. Our commander has died, and a portion [of the army] has already deserted us. If we return to our lands, letting it be known that grief for our commander is the cause of our withdrawal, that will be better for us than meeting them, being defeated, and returning in disgrace.”
The commanders accepted his view and withdrew to Kūfah. When the Kufans learned of their return and that Yazīd ibn Anas had died, they spread alarming rumours about al-Mukhtār, saying, “Yazīd ibn Anas has been killed in battle and his army routed; before long Ibn Ziyād will arrive, annihilate you, and lay waste to everything you have.”
They then conspired to rise against al-Mukhtār, declaring, “He is a liar.” They agreed to wage war on him, fight him, and expel him from their midst, convinced of his mendacity. They said, “He has promoted our freedmen over our nobles, and he claims that Ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah ordered him to avenge al-Ḥusayn when in fact he gave him no such order; he is merely fabricating it.”
They resolved to postpone their revolt until Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ashʿath had left Kūfah, for al-Mukhtār had ordered him to march with seven thousand men against ʿUbayd Allah ibn Ziyād, [instructing him: “Proceed until you meet Ibn Anas’s force, bring them back with you, and then continue until you meet your enemy ʿUbayd Allah ibn Ziyād and engage him at once.”] Ibrāhīm set out with his whole army, but when he reached Sābāṭ (5) a letter from al-Mukhtār ordered him to return, and so he came back. Meanwhile al-Mukhtār had fortified